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農財兩部：加強耕地保護與質量提升，穩(wěn)定實施耕地地力保護補貼政策

2021-05-21 14:42:49 來源：農機網整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：37701 評論

導讀：穩(wěn)定實施耕地地力保護補貼政策，繼續(xù)實施耕地輪作休耕，擴大東北黑土地保護性耕作實施面積，開展東北黑土地保護利用。

　　【農機網 補貼動態(tài)】近日，農業(yè)農村部 財政部印發(fā)《關于做好2021年農業(yè)生產發(fā)展等項目實施工作的通知》(以下簡稱《通知》)，明確2021年中央財政繼續(xù)安排農業(yè)生產發(fā)展資金、農業(yè)資源及生態(tài)保護補助資金、動物防疫等補助經費，支持深化農業(yè)供給側結構性改革，全面推進鄉(xiāng)村振興。
 
　　文件提出，聚焦提高糧食等重要農產品供給保障能力，緊緊抓住種子和耕地兩個要害，促進鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅成果同鄉(xiāng)村振興有效銜接。著力支持提升糧食等重要農產品供給保障能力、強化現代農業(yè)基礎支撐、深入推進農業(yè)綠色發(fā)展、推進鄉(xiāng)村產業(yè)融合發(fā)展，加快補齊農業(yè)發(fā)展短板弱項。
 
　　耕地是農業(yè)最基本的生產資料，國家越來越重視對耕地的保護。農財兩部印發(fā)的《通知》中明確提出，穩(wěn)定實施耕地地力保護補貼政策，繼續(xù)實施耕地輪作休耕，擴大東北黑土地保護性耕作實施面積，開展東北黑土地保護利用。
 

 

　　在具體的項目實施上，文件指出：
 
　　(一)加強耕地保護與質量提升。一是開展化肥減量增效示范。在重點作物綠色高質高效行動縣協同開展化肥減量增效示范，引導企業(yè)和社會化服務組織開展科學施肥技術服務，支持農戶和新型農業(yè)經營主體應用化肥減量增效新技術新產品，著力解決化肥使用過量、利用率不高的突出問題。繼續(xù)做好取土化驗、田間試驗、配方制定發(fā)布、測土配方施肥數據成果開發(fā)應用等測土配方施肥基礎性工作。二是開展退化耕地治理。在耕地酸化、鹽堿化較嚴重區(qū)域，集成推廣施用土壤調理劑、綠肥還田、耕作壓鹽、增施有機肥等治理措施。繼續(xù)做好耕地質量等級年度變更評價與補充耕地質量評定試點工作。三是加強生產障礙耕地治理。在西南、華南等地區(qū)，針對不同耕地生產障礙程度，結合作物品種、耕作習慣等，因地制宜采取品種替代、水肥調控、農業(yè)廢棄物回收利用等環(huán)境友好型農業(yè)生產技術，克服農產品產地環(huán)境障礙，提升農產品質量安全水平。
 
　　(二)統籌推進東北黑土地保護利用和保護性耕作。貫徹落實《東北黑土地保護規(guī)劃綱要(2017—2030年)》，聚焦83個黑土地保護重點縣，集中連片開展東北黑土地保護利用，重點推廣秸稈還田與“深翻+有機肥還田”等綜合技術模式，推進黑土地核心區(qū)提質培肥集中連片示范。繼續(xù)穩(wěn)步實施東北黑土地保護性耕作行動計劃，支持在適宜區(qū)域推廣應用秸稈覆蓋免(少)耕播種等關鍵技術，鼓勵整鄉(xiāng)整村整建制推進，使保護性耕作成為東北適宜區(qū)域主流耕作技術。
 
　　(三)推進耕地輪作休耕制度。立足資源稟賦、突出生態(tài)保護、實行綜合治理，進一步探索科學有效輪作模式，重點在東北地區(qū)推行大豆薯類—玉米、雜糧雜豆春小麥—玉米等輪作，在黃淮海地區(qū)推行玉米—大豆或花生—玉米等輪作，在長江流域推行稻油、稻稻油等輪作，既通過豆科作物輪作倒茬，發(fā)揮固氮作用，提升耕地質量，減少化肥使用量，又通過不同作物間輪作，降低病蟲害發(fā)生，減少農藥使用量，加快構建綠色種植制度，促進農業(yè)資源永續(xù)利用。同時，繼續(xù)在河北地下水漏斗區(qū)、黑龍江三江平原井灌稻地下水超采區(qū)、新疆塔里木河流域地下水超采區(qū)實施休耕試點，休耕期間配套采取土壤改良、培肥地力、污染修復等措施，促進耕地質量提升。
 
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