農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部：繼續(xù)加強農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村面源污染治理

2018-08-24 14:59:36 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：35066 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部在對十三屆全國人大一次會議第4266號建議的答復(fù)中表示，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部高度重視農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村面源污染防治工作，自2015年打響農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)，會同有關(guān)部門，著力推進化肥農(nóng)藥減量增效、畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢棄物資源化利用、秸稈綜合利用、農(nóng)村生活垃圾污水治理等重點工作，加強政策、典型示范、項目帶動，加大政策扶持，在推進化肥農(nóng)藥減量增效、畜禽養(yǎng)殖糞污資源化利用、秸稈綜合利用、農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染綜合治理示范等方面取得了積極成效。下一步，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將繼續(xù)加強農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村面源污染治理工作。
 
　　湖北南漳：重治面源污染助力綠色發(fā)展
 
　　湖北襄陽南漳縣堅持“綠水青山就是金山銀山”的發(fā)展理念為指引，按照襄陽市“高質(zhì)量”發(fā)展總要求，切實從農(nóng)業(yè)投入品、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)、測土配方、綠色防治等方面入手，堅持“監(jiān)管、推廣、治理”三舉措，嚴(yán)格落實農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染治理工作，農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展初步實現(xiàn)了綠色崛起，鄉(xiāng)村振興再度邁上了新征程。
 
　　大力推廣綠色生產(chǎn)技術(shù)。一是推廣病蟲草害統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治，通過召開病蟲草害防治現(xiàn)場會，在水稻、小麥、玉米等農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)上全面開展綠色統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治，全年累計綜合防治面積201.3萬畝次，統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治率達90.8%。同時，通過配套農(nóng)業(yè)防治、物理防治和生物防治等綠色防控手段，落實綠色防控面積18萬畝,占全縣農(nóng)田總面積的24.3%。二是推廣測土配方施肥，今年來，我們在全縣累計化驗土樣537個，檢驗檢測土壤成分2797項次，并根據(jù)檢測結(jié)果發(fā)布施肥配方12個，推廣配方施肥65.5萬畝次，覆蓋率達95%。三是推廣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)，按照農(nóng)作物有機生產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，擴展推廣“三品一標(biāo)”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)，目前，全縣已創(chuàng)建和認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)基地45萬畝，“三品一標(biāo)”認(rèn)證總數(shù)151個。
 
　　同時扎實開展污染綜合治理。今年，全縣夏收作物小麥和油菜生產(chǎn)面積分別為47萬畝和4.5萬畝，秸稈總產(chǎn)約18.88萬噸， 在秸稈禁燒工作上，我們結(jié)合各地實際，通過秸稈粉碎還田和腐熟還田等方式，綜合利用秸稈17.4萬噸，利用率達92%。此外，我們還扎實開展地表徑流國控監(jiān)測點觀測工作，收集與送檢降水樣品21個、灌溉水樣品4個、作物樣品9個、秸稈樣品9個，建立耕地質(zhì)量長期定位監(jiān)測點29個，為及時有效防治與治理農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染提供了科學(xué)依據(jù)。
 
　　廣東陽江全面治理農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染
 
　　近年來，廣東陽江市通過化肥農(nóng)藥減量、秸稈資源化利用等措施，農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)保工作取得顯著成效。按照“一控兩減三基本”的目標(biāo)，陽江將對農(nóng)村面源污染進行全面治理，到2020年，主要農(nóng)作物化肥、化學(xué)農(nóng)藥利用率達到40%以上，農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用率達到85%以上。
 
　　江城區(qū)城西街道的早稻較早進入收獲期。近日，在該街道阮西村上寨自然村，稻谷已經(jīng)全部收割完，只見秸稈覆蓋在農(nóng)田上，無人機來回飛旋。市植保種子土肥站聯(lián)合市農(nóng)機推廣中心正在示范推廣腐稈劑使用。
 
　　去年，農(nóng)戶還要肩挑水桶或者背著藥箱噴灑，一畝地的劑量要勾兌100公斤清水，今年用無人機噴灑，只需要將腐稈劑直接填裝進藥箱。裝滿10公斤的藥劑，無人機一次噴灑10畝農(nóng)田的稻稈，只需要半個小時。
 
　　秸稈焚燒一直是各地環(huán)保整治工作的難題。村支書阮太平說，在過去，對農(nóng)民禁也不是勸也不是，因為沒有去處，直接還田又影響耕耙，只能一把火燒掉。去年村里的早造和晚造都開始使用腐稈劑，秸稈在農(nóng)閑時候就充分腐熟，施用同量的化肥，種出的水稻長勢更好產(chǎn)量更高，農(nóng)民看到了實實在在的好處，現(xiàn)在都自覺購買使用。
 
　　市農(nóng)業(yè)局相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，陽江已在全市范圍開展農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染防治，積極推進及實施農(nóng)藥化肥使用量零增長、秸稈綜合利用、農(nóng)膜回收利用試點和土壤重金屬污染防治等重點工作。通過示范帶動，廣泛宣傳，以及依托覆蓋所有村鎮(zhèn)的基層農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣隊伍，推廣綠色生態(tài)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)和模式。
 
　　本文由中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、襄陽市農(nóng)業(yè)委員會、陽江日報，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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