拖拉機和聯(lián)合收割機新規(guī)：“兩個規(guī)范”

2018-03-06 17:40:53 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 閱讀量：45601 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 政策導(dǎo)讀】 農(nóng)機安全歷來都是農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域一個耳提面命、常提常新的話題，每年的農(nóng)忙季因農(nóng)機使用不當而釀成的事故數(shù)不勝數(shù)：
 
　　隨州市隨縣均川鎮(zhèn)光河村一名女子在收割稻谷時，由于收割機儲倉內(nèi)糧食無法正常向外輸送，該女子冒然伸手去弄，導(dǎo)致手掌被葉輪絞住，被困女子表情痛苦不堪，鮮血在不停地流淌，為了緩解劇烈的疼痛感，醫(yī)務(wù)人員立即對該女子左手實施了局部麻醉。
 
　　現(xiàn)在農(nóng)村玉米聯(lián)合收割機普及率較高，而且?guī)缀跫壹覒魬舳加杏衩装瞧C。來自菏澤市沙土鎮(zhèn)的村民因機器堵塞，在沒有斷電的情況下用手清理機器時發(fā)生意外，造成右手嚴重擠傷、食指骨折，場面觸目驚心。無*偶，郭先生是一名聯(lián)合收割機司機，因一時疏忽同樣遭受斷指之災(zāi)。郭先生說，現(xiàn)在是玉米收獲季，每天工作量繁重，自己就是在玉米桿卡住機器、機器沒有完全停止工作的情況下，伸手去拽被卡住的玉米稈，造成右手整個手掌絞入機器內(nèi)部，四根手指全部粉碎性骨折。
 
　　每年因這樣的失誤造成的觸目驚心的悲劇令人扼腕，我們在悲痛之余更應(yīng)吸取教訓(xùn)，做好農(nóng)機安全使用工作，為此，農(nóng)業(yè)部印發(fā)了拖拉機和聯(lián)合收割機《駕駛證業(yè)務(wù)工作規(guī)范》和《登記業(yè)務(wù)工作規(guī)范》，與前期已公布的拖拉機和聯(lián)合收割機《駕駛證管理規(guī)定》和《登記規(guī)定》“兩個部令”同步施行。以深化改革、細化責(zé)任、強化安全、簡化流程、優(yōu)化服務(wù)“五化”為著力點，將農(nóng)機安全監(jiān)管“放管服”改革措施落到實處。
 
　　將拖拉機和聯(lián)合收割機牌證訂制管理職責(zé)下放到省級、牌證業(yè)務(wù)辦理職責(zé)下放到縣級，允許省級農(nóng)機監(jiān)理機構(gòu)結(jié)合實際增加駕駛證理論知識考試內(nèi)容。增加了對駕駛?cè)艘噪[瞞、欺騙等不正當手段補領(lǐng)的駕駛證應(yīng)予以收回的規(guī)定，明確了工作人員違規(guī)行為的處罰規(guī)定，并強化了行業(yè)自律。
 
　　針對農(nóng)機事故集中于“兩點一線”(農(nóng)田、場院和道路)的特點，優(yōu)化了駕駛技能考試科目，將考試內(nèi)容聚焦到事故多發(fā)的農(nóng)田作業(yè)“掉頭”、場院停車“入庫”和農(nóng)村道路“駕駛”等關(guān)鍵點，對出現(xiàn)違背安全操作的情況實行“零容忍”，確保農(nóng)民機手掌握安全操作技能。
 
　　將拖拉機、聯(lián)合收割機場地駕駛技能和田間作業(yè)技能考試圖形分別由原先的3個精簡為1個，統(tǒng)一考試內(nèi)容與要求；將道路駕駛技能考試評判標準由51項整合為15項。整合檔案管理流程，使檔案制作、保存和查閱更加規(guī)范。
 
　　“兩個部令”和“兩個規(guī)范”的陸續(xù)發(fā)布，標志著農(nóng)機安全監(jiān)管體制機制改革制度框架基本確立。下一步，農(nóng)業(yè)部將大力開展新制度的宣傳培訓(xùn)，加強執(zhí)行的監(jiān)督檢查，確保各項改革措施落實到位。

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