小型農(nóng)機(jī)揮別“價格戰(zhàn)” 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新是突破口

2016-08-12 14:25:15 來源：中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 閱讀量：17946 評論

　   【中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 行業(yè)要聞】隨著農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化的發(fā)展，各種各樣的農(nóng)機(jī)具登上農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的舞臺，展示各自的威力。在我們刻板的印象中，機(jī)械化就是那種宏偉的大機(jī)器，“隆隆……”在大片的田野上耕作，場面壯觀。其實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)中，農(nóng)機(jī)不僅僅是龐然大物，也有小型甚至是迷你型，而在我們中國小型農(nóng)機(jī)也有自己展示用途的廣闊天地，同時成長道路上也面臨著一些問題，需要企業(yè)用智慧的眼光去探索與突破。
　　
　　小型農(nóng)機(jī)揮別“價格戰(zhàn)” 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新是突破口

        小型農(nóng)機(jī)擁有廣闊市場
　　
　　我國地形復(fù)雜多樣，并不是每個地方都有連片的農(nóng)田能夠給予大型農(nóng)機(jī)作業(yè)，且小型農(nóng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)仍未因為土地流轉(zhuǎn)而得到根本性改變，規(guī)?；?、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)推進(jìn)速度緩慢，仍有很大一部分的是家庭農(nóng)場或小農(nóng)個體戶，大型農(nóng)機(jī)根本就沒有伸展才能的空間，而小型農(nóng)機(jī)則比較對他們的胃口。另外，大型農(nóng)機(jī)的價格昂貴，即使有了農(nóng)機(jī)補(bǔ)貼也不是一般農(nóng)戶可以負(fù)擔(dān)得起的。
　　
　　在廣西田陽，耕地生產(chǎn)一線，一臺臺小型農(nóng)機(jī)正在每一塊水田地塊里緊張耕耙，村村屯屯、垌垌谷谷到處都是小“鐵牛”忙碌作業(yè)的身影。近年來，隨著國家農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼政策的全面實(shí)施，越來越多的小型農(nóng)機(jī)開進(jìn)了該縣各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)農(nóng)戶群眾的田間地頭，成為全縣農(nóng)業(yè)耕作的主力軍，小“鐵牛”取代牛馬傳統(tǒng)耕作方式的現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)業(yè)耕作景象，構(gòu)畫出一道道亮麗的風(fēng)景。
　　
　　小型農(nóng)機(jī)前景雖好，但發(fā)展過程中一些問題不容忽視，比如：小型農(nóng)機(jī)產(chǎn)能過剩下，同質(zhì)化現(xiàn)象較嚴(yán)重，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量差異小，導(dǎo)致企業(yè)打起了“價格戰(zhàn)”。
　　
　　小型農(nóng)機(jī)同質(zhì)化導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)能過剩
　　
　　長期以來，我國農(nóng)機(jī)市場一直被國外壟斷，而我國農(nóng)機(jī)在市場的占比更是不多。另外，一直以來，小型農(nóng)機(jī)同質(zhì)化競爭讓中國低端農(nóng)機(jī)市場陷入價格戰(zhàn)，小型農(nóng)機(jī)產(chǎn)能過剩而農(nóng)機(jī)卻供應(yīng)不足。
　　
　　資料顯示，中國農(nóng)機(jī)產(chǎn)業(yè)總體規(guī)模約為3800億元人民幣，其中中低端農(nóng)機(jī)大概占3500億元左右，農(nóng)機(jī)大概占300億元左右。目前中國農(nóng)機(jī)產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)比較單一，僅覆蓋了中小馬力拖拉機(jī)、聯(lián)合收割機(jī)等低端的傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械，且產(chǎn)能嚴(yán)重過剩。
　　
　　比方說，在微耕機(jī)行業(yè)就存在著低質(zhì)化、同質(zhì)化和產(chǎn)能過剩的現(xiàn)象。從技術(shù)上說，微耕機(jī)的技術(shù)含量并不低，但如今具有專業(yè)開發(fā)團(tuán)隊的企業(yè)卻很少，導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)品之間的差異很小，因此企業(yè)后只能在價格方面做文章，打“價格戰(zhàn)”。
　　
　　因此從總體來看，國內(nèi)小型農(nóng)機(jī)企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品同質(zhì)化很嚴(yán)重，產(chǎn)品沒有創(chuàng)新，技術(shù)更新緩慢，缺乏差異性，企業(yè)為占有更多的市場份額而進(jìn)行策略性降價甚至是價格戰(zhàn)。業(yè)內(nèi)認(rèn)為，目前對于企業(yè)來說，創(chuàng)新是突破口。
　　
　　小型農(nóng)機(jī)崛起：科技創(chuàng)新是關(guān)鍵
　　
　　要想小型農(nóng)機(jī)擁有更廣闊的市場，就要從創(chuàng)新做起，既然同質(zhì)化，那就做到不一樣，從實(shí)際出發(fā)，研究出適合不同土地耕作的小型農(nóng)機(jī)。首先從產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新出發(fā)，拓展至技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、市場創(chuàng)新和組織形式創(chuàng)新等的全面創(chuàng)新，從創(chuàng)新中制造商機(jī)。
　　
　　山東省萊州市有這樣一位名叫張勝臣的“工匠”，他不滿足于只把工作看成是一種*養(yǎng)家糊口的手段，而是在工作中樹立起對職業(yè)的敬畏、對目標(biāo)的執(zhí)著、對產(chǎn)品的負(fù)責(zé)，用滿腔熱情打造出農(nóng)民急需的滿意小型農(nóng)機(jī)。從2013年開始，張勝臣花費(fèi)3年時間對傳統(tǒng)微耕機(jī)進(jìn)行了技術(shù)改進(jìn)，其核心就是將過去的皮帶傳動改造成齒輪傳動，用傘型輪替換了渦輪渦桿，*一項動力傳輸系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)，就大幅提高了生產(chǎn)效率，從此四輪驅(qū)動代替了兩輪驅(qū)動，成為了市場的新寵。
　　
　　從宏觀來看，小型農(nóng)機(jī)擁有很大的市場需求量，隨著農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化的推進(jìn)，越來越多的農(nóng)民將更傾向于機(jī)器代替人力勞作。面對現(xiàn)如今小型農(nóng)機(jī)的劣勢，我們需要加大科技投入，開拓創(chuàng)新，讓小型農(nóng)機(jī)市場告別“價格戰(zhàn)”，助推我國現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)走上穩(wěn)健的發(fā)展之路。

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