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【今日谷雨】雨生百谷，緊抓農(nóng)時(shí)春耕忙

2022-04-20 10:05:46 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：40832 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：今日是二十四節(jié)氣之一的谷雨，是春季的最后一個(gè)節(jié)氣，此時(shí)春將盡，夏將至。谷雨時(shí)節(jié)降水明顯增加，田中的秧苗初插、作物新種，最需要雨水的滋潤(rùn)，降雨量充足而及時(shí)，谷類作物能茁壯成長(zhǎng)。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】 今日是二十四節(jié)氣之一的谷雨，是春季的最后一個(gè)節(jié)氣，此時(shí)春將盡，夏將至。谷雨時(shí)節(jié)降水明顯增加，田中的秧苗初插、作物新種，最需要雨水的滋潤(rùn)，降雨量充足而及時(shí)，谷類作物能茁壯成長(zhǎng)。
 
　　谷雨節(jié)氣的到來意味著寒潮天氣基本結(jié)束，氣溫回升加快。春雨貴如油，這時(shí)候的田間農(nóng)作物特別需要雨水的滋潤(rùn)，所以此時(shí)節(jié)也是莊稼生長(zhǎng)的最佳時(shí)節(jié)，插秧、播種成為農(nóng)民們主要的農(nóng)活，農(nóng)民從這時(shí)起就真正進(jìn)入了農(nóng)忙時(shí)節(jié)。
 

 

　　這時(shí)候，中國(guó)南方大部分地區(qū)東部這時(shí)雨水較豐，每年第一場(chǎng)大雨一般出現(xiàn)在這段時(shí)間，對(duì)水稻栽插和玉米、棉花苗期生長(zhǎng)有利。華南其余地區(qū)雨水大多不到30毫米，需要采取灌溉措施，減輕干旱影響。西北高原山地，仍處于干季，降水量一般僅5至20毫米。這種夜雨晝晴天氣，對(duì)大春作物生長(zhǎng)和小春作物收獲是頗為適宜的。
 
　　華北平原霜期結(jié)束，谷子、水稻開始播種。流域的冬小麥處在拔節(jié)或抽穗階段，要抓緊施好孕穗肥，袂苗要于二葉期追施“斷奶肥”。種棉區(qū)這時(shí)將播種棉花。在華北、西北地區(qū)，此時(shí)仍是“春雨貴如油”的少雨季節(jié)，加強(qiáng)春旱的防御依舊是十分重要的工作。流域的水稻、煙葉、紅薯正在播種；氣溫上升較早的閩南、廣西地區(qū)的小麥則已成熟收獲。此時(shí)春茶的采制已進(jìn)入旺季，宜抓緊進(jìn)行。以南的地區(qū)，人們都在忙著耕田，施肥、插秧育苗，準(zhǔn)備種水稻。
 
　　當(dāng)前，全國(guó)各地逐漸進(jìn)入春耕生產(chǎn)。據(jù)了解，糧食大省吉林省目前已完成旱田播種21.7萬畝，其中小麥已播種6.9萬畝、馬鈴薯已播種0.8萬畝、瓜菜等其他作物已播種14萬畝；另一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)大省河南省目前全省高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田累計(jì)建成7580萬畝，小麥一、二類苗占比達(dá)到93.5%，與去年持平，苗情好于預(yù)期。作為全國(guó)糧食生產(chǎn)大省，河南今年的糧食產(chǎn)量目標(biāo)是穩(wěn)定在1300億斤以上；湖南省目前春灌工作有序開展，459處大中型灌區(qū)開始春灌，累計(jì)灌溉面積915萬畝，供水超8億立方米，湖南省累計(jì)建成萬畝以上灌區(qū)662處，有效灌溉面積2511萬畝，今年大中型灌區(qū)春灌計(jì)劃覆蓋面積2000余萬畝。同時(shí)，今年湖南將實(shí)施8處大型灌區(qū)、59處中型灌區(qū)改造，新增恢復(fù)和改善灌溉面積70余萬畝；棉花主要生產(chǎn)基地之一的新疆也迎來播種高峰期，由南至北的廣闊棉田里機(jī)器轟響，一臺(tái)臺(tái)現(xiàn)代化的大型農(nóng)機(jī)穿梭播種，機(jī)械化作業(yè)的場(chǎng)景堪稱壯觀。近年來，新疆不斷提升農(nóng)機(jī)作業(yè)現(xiàn)代化、智能化、信息化水平，諸多高新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用正在助推新疆棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，新疆農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化水平逐年提升，棉花耕種收綜合機(jī)械化水平在80%以上。
 
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