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智慧插秧助春播：無人農(nóng)場全國布點(diǎn)正加速

2022-04-06 10:57:26 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理 閱讀量：37977 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：近日，在廣東茂名高州市八角山，3000畝的無人農(nóng)場示范基地空無一人，只有幾臺(tái)機(jī)器在稻田里忙碌著。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化可以將農(nóng)民從繁重的勞作中解放出來，而無人農(nóng)場就是發(fā)展智慧農(nóng)業(yè)和推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的重要途徑。近日，在廣東茂名高州市八角山，3000畝的無人農(nóng)場示范基地空無一人，只有幾臺(tái)機(jī)器在稻田里忙碌著。這種無人駕駛水稻直播機(jī)行進(jìn)過的地方會(huì)留下一道道蓄水溝，隨后它將稻種精準(zhǔn)地撒播下去。
 
　　該無人農(nóng)場由嶺南現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)與技術(shù)廣東省實(shí)驗(yàn)室茂名分中心與華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)水稻生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)共同打造。據(jù)了解，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)與人工撒播相比，每畝可增產(chǎn)10%以上。在無人農(nóng)場春耕現(xiàn)場，還有無人駕駛旋耕機(jī)、水田激光平地機(jī)、農(nóng)田無人機(jī)等多種設(shè)備在各司其職，操控水稻生產(chǎn)全過程機(jī)械化和智能化。
 
　　所謂無人農(nóng)場，是在人不進(jìn)入農(nóng)場的情況下，采用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、大數(shù)據(jù)、人工智能、5G、機(jī)器人等新一代信息技術(shù)，通過對(duì)農(nóng)場設(shè)施、裝備、機(jī)械等遠(yuǎn)程控制或智能裝備與機(jī)器人的自主決策、自主作業(yè)，完成所有農(nóng)場生產(chǎn)、管理任務(wù)的一種全天候、全過程、全空間的無人化生產(chǎn)作業(yè)模式，其本質(zhì)就是機(jī)器換人。
 
　　據(jù)回顧，湖南•望城無人農(nóng)場于2020年12月正式啟動(dòng)建設(shè)，項(xiàng)目引進(jìn)羅錫文院士團(tuán)隊(duì)的無人農(nóng)場關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，使用袁隆平院士團(tuán)隊(duì)選育的優(yōu)良水稻品種，選用湖南中聯(lián)重科股份有限公司等企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的國內(nèi)先進(jìn)農(nóng)機(jī)裝備，打造全國首個(gè)全程無人操作的機(jī)械化雙季稻無人農(nóng)場示范園。項(xiàng)目主要包括高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田、智慧農(nóng)機(jī)、智能灌溉、天空地一體化精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)情遙感監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)四大板塊。
 
　　2021年4月10日，湖南首個(gè)無人農(nóng)場(湖南•望城無人農(nóng)場)，也是全國首個(gè)雙季稻無人農(nóng)場正式投運(yùn)。智慧農(nóng)機(jī)主要包括水稻全程無人機(jī)械化耕、種、管、收四大環(huán)節(jié)，為無人農(nóng)場生產(chǎn)提供智能感知、導(dǎo)航、作業(yè)和管理。
 
　　現(xiàn)今，中國農(nóng)機(jī)的發(fā)展正經(jīng)歷著從無到有，從有到全，從全到好和從好到強(qiáng)的過程。中國工程院院士羅錫文認(rèn)為，“無人農(nóng)場”是緩解農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力短缺的有效途徑，是智慧農(nóng)業(yè)的一種生產(chǎn)方式。推廣“無人農(nóng)場”應(yīng)有較好的基礎(chǔ)條件，地塊較大，機(jī)耕道和灌排設(shè)施較好,衛(wèi)星信號(hào)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)信號(hào)好。無人駕駛農(nóng)機(jī)的發(fā)展道路任重道遠(yuǎn)，需要重點(diǎn)解決“關(guān)鍵技術(shù)受制于人，智能化水平需一步提升”等問題，用科學(xué)技術(shù)助力鄉(xiāng)村振興。
 
　　另悉，濰柴雷沃重工與中國工程院院士羅錫文團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，突破了導(dǎo)航定位、路徑跟蹤、自動(dòng)避障、主從導(dǎo)航等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)耕種收農(nóng)機(jī)自動(dòng)導(dǎo)航作業(yè)，提升了農(nóng)機(jī)化技術(shù)水平。如今，在該技術(shù)的加持下，無人農(nóng)場在全國布點(diǎn)不斷增加。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(epigene.com.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：南方日報(bào)、濰柴雷沃重工、鄉(xiāng)村頭條。

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