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設(shè)施蔬菜產(chǎn)量占比由21%提高到35%!云南省大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代化設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)

2024-03-25 08:36:53 來源:農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理 閱讀量:22659 評論

導(dǎo)讀:《云南省設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化三年行動方案(2023—2025年)》明確提出到2025年,設(shè)施蔬菜產(chǎn)量占比由21%提高到35%;設(shè)施花卉產(chǎn)量占比由11%提升至25%;設(shè)施小漿果產(chǎn)量占比由35%提高到50%;畜牧養(yǎng)殖規(guī)?;视?1%提高到50%。

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】 現(xiàn)代設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)是利用現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)、生物技術(shù)、工程裝備技術(shù)與現(xiàn)代經(jīng)營管理方式,為動植物生長提供相對可控制的環(huán)境條件,在一定程度上擺脫自然依賴進(jìn)行高效生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)業(yè)類型,涵蓋設(shè)施種植、設(shè)施畜牧、設(shè)施漁業(yè)和提供支撐服務(wù)的公共設(shè)施等。其中,設(shè)施種植業(yè)包括日光溫室、連棟溫室和植物工廠以及不改變耕地地類的拱棚、塑料大棚等,設(shè)施畜牧業(yè)包括集約化工廠化設(shè)施畜禽養(yǎng)殖場等,設(shè)施漁業(yè)包括標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化池塘、工廠化循環(huán)水和深遠(yuǎn)海養(yǎng)殖漁場、沿海漁港等,公共服務(wù)設(shè)施包括產(chǎn)前的集約化育苗、產(chǎn)后的冷藏保鮮、冷鏈物流和倉儲烘干等。
 
  2023年6月,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、財(cái)政部、國家發(fā)展改革委、自然資源部聯(lián)合印發(fā)的《全國現(xiàn)代設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)規(guī)劃(2023—2030年)》明確提出,到2030年,全國現(xiàn)代設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)模進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大,區(qū)域布局更加合理,科技裝備條件顯著改善,穩(wěn)產(chǎn)保供能力進(jìn)一步提升,設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率、土地產(chǎn)出率和資源利用率明顯提高,發(fā)展質(zhì)量效益和競爭力不斷增強(qiáng),從事設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)民收入大幅增長。
 
  在此基礎(chǔ)上,云南省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳等四部門日前印發(fā)《云南省設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化三年行動方案(2023—2025年)》,對云南省設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展進(jìn)行了部署。
 
  《行動方案》明確提出,到2025年,全省現(xiàn)代設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)規(guī)模進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大,區(qū)域布局更加合理,設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)勞動生產(chǎn)率、土地產(chǎn)出率和資源利用率大幅提高,發(fā)展質(zhì)量效益和競爭力不斷增強(qiáng),從事設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的農(nóng)民收入持續(xù)增長。設(shè)施蔬菜產(chǎn)量占比由21%提高到35%;設(shè)施花卉產(chǎn)量占比由11%提升至25%;設(shè)施小漿果產(chǎn)量占比由35%提高到50%;畜牧養(yǎng)殖規(guī)?;视?1%提高到50%;設(shè)施水產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量占比由7.4%提高到20%。設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展全面推進(jìn),設(shè)施農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全抽檢合格率穩(wěn)定在98%以上;科技裝備條件顯著改善,設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)科技進(jìn)步貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到62%以上。
 
  到2030年,設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)全面升級,糧食、蔬菜等重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品保障更加有力,生產(chǎn)效率、產(chǎn)出質(zhì)量和帶農(nóng)增收作用明顯提升,基本滿足人民群眾多樣化、優(yōu)質(zhì)化食物消費(fèi)需求。
 
  《行動方案》提出了發(fā)展綠色高效現(xiàn)代設(shè)施種植業(yè)、高效集約現(xiàn)代化設(shè)施畜牧業(yè)、生態(tài)健康現(xiàn)代設(shè)施漁業(yè)、以倉儲保鮮和烘干為主的現(xiàn)代物流業(yè)設(shè)施等重點(diǎn)任務(wù)。
 
  其中,對于果蔬種植業(yè),《行動方案》明確提出建設(shè)現(xiàn)代設(shè)施育苗(秧)中心,在全省水稻種植相對集中的縣(市、區(qū))全面推進(jìn)集中育秧設(shè)施建設(shè),建設(shè)育秧溫室大棚、播種出苗車間和育秧設(shè)施設(shè)備。合理布局建設(shè)集約化育苗(秧)中心,擴(kuò)大水稻良種秧苗、設(shè)施果蔬優(yōu)質(zhì)種苗商品化供給覆蓋面。鼓勵“一棚多用、農(nóng)棚農(nóng)用”,提高大棚使用率,增加農(nóng)民收入。
 
  同時,支持露地種植作物水肥一體化噴滴灌設(shè)施建設(shè),以玉米、馬鈴薯和茶葉、水果、咖啡等特色經(jīng)作為重點(diǎn),每年實(shí)施20萬畝左右露地種植作物水肥一體化噴滴灌設(shè)施建設(shè),重點(diǎn)建設(shè)引水設(shè)施、裝配式蓄水池、過濾設(shè)施、配肥設(shè)施、田間管網(wǎng)和田間水肥一體化滴灌裝備等。
 
  此外,支持標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化大棚和水肥一體化噴滴灌設(shè)施建設(shè)。選準(zhǔn)特色產(chǎn)業(yè),以蔬菜、花卉、小漿果等為重點(diǎn),新建和提升改造一批全年生產(chǎn)、立體種植、智能調(diào)控的連棟溫室和植物工廠等高端生產(chǎn)設(shè)施,形成一批布局合理、高產(chǎn)高效的現(xiàn)代設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化園區(qū)。推廣無土化栽培,建設(shè)基質(zhì)栽培系統(tǒng)、營養(yǎng)液循環(huán)系統(tǒng),采用可降解材料代替土壤,使用多通道精準(zhǔn)型配肥設(shè)備,推廣水培或霧(氣)培等多種無土栽培模式。推行智能化管理,加快智慧溫室生產(chǎn)管控系統(tǒng)和智能裝備的推廣力度,實(shí)現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)化自動調(diào)控。每年推進(jìn)5000畝蔬菜、3000畝花卉、2000畝小漿果的高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)施化建設(shè),提升單位土地產(chǎn)出率和商品轉(zhuǎn)化率,示范帶動各地加快設(shè)施改造升級。
 
  注:本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(epigene.com.cn)整理發(fā)布,資料來源:云南省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳。
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