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在美國(guó)，無(wú)人機(jī)精準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)噴除草，每英畝增收17 美元

2022-10-25 13:10:14 來(lái)源：DJI大疆農(nóng)業(yè) 閱讀量：20137 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：大豆田里的玉米雜草比其他雜草都更具破壞性，在美國(guó)大約 70% 的玉米都是抗草甘膦的轉(zhuǎn)基因作物，對(duì)除草劑有很強(qiáng)抗性。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 明星企業(yè)】美國(guó)是世界上最大的大豆生產(chǎn)國(guó)和第二大出口國(guó)，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)戶為保護(hù)耕地，往往選擇大豆、玉米輪作的種植方式，這樣可以有效利用大豆的固氮能力，提高土壤肥力。然而，也正因?yàn)檩喿鞯姆绞?，在玉米收獲季，從聯(lián)合收割機(jī)中掉落的玉米粒越冬后，會(huì)在春天發(fā)芽，與輪作的大豆搶奪營(yíng)養(yǎng)、陽(yáng)光和水分，導(dǎo)致大豆減產(chǎn)。
 
　　大豆田里的玉米雜草比其他雜草都更具破壞性，在美國(guó)大約 70% 的玉米都是抗草甘膦的轉(zhuǎn)基因作物，對(duì)除草劑有很強(qiáng)抗性。常規(guī)的大豆除草作業(yè)并不能防除玉米雜草，因此對(duì)抗豆田里的雜草玉米也成了當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)戶棘手的難題。
 
大豆田中的玉米苗
 
　　來(lái)自美國(guó)愛(ài)荷華州的農(nóng)戶 Kyle Miller，家里擁有 2000 英畝的農(nóng)田。以往 Miller 通常使用拖拉機(jī)進(jìn)行全田噴灑，不僅浪費(fèi)農(nóng)藥，還會(huì)導(dǎo)致軋苗、土壤壓實(shí)，造成產(chǎn)量減少。
 
　　了解到大疆農(nóng)業(yè)精準(zhǔn)解決方案可以針對(duì)性點(diǎn)噴除草，能在節(jié)省農(nóng)藥的同時(shí)帶來(lái)更高的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，Miller 這次決定使用 DJI + Agremo的聯(lián)合解決方案來(lái)驗(yàn)證精準(zhǔn)除草的效果。
 
　　大疆精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)+Ai識(shí)別解決方案
 
　　點(diǎn)噴準(zhǔn)確率超 95%
 
　　Miller 首先使用精靈 4 多光譜版采集農(nóng)田可見(jiàn)光和多光譜影像，通過(guò) Agremo 拼接生成正射影像圖，基于 Ai 人工智能分析，可有效檢測(cè)雜草，并根據(jù)雜草嚴(yán)重程度劃分為“無(wú)雜草、輕度雜草、重度雜草”三個(gè)程度的點(diǎn)噴處方圖，隨后大疆 T30 根據(jù)處方圖開(kāi)始噴灑作業(yè)，半小時(shí)便完成雜草點(diǎn)噴處理。作業(yè)結(jié)束后，通過(guò)實(shí)地抽樣檢測(cè)，結(jié)果顯示：本次精準(zhǔn)作業(yè)點(diǎn)噴準(zhǔn)確率超過(guò) 95%。
 
精靈4 多光譜無(wú)人機(jī)進(jìn)行全田監(jiān)測(cè)
 
Agremo玉米苗雜草檢測(cè)結(jié)果
 
　　無(wú)人機(jī)精準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)噴除草
 
　　每英畝增收 17.8 美元
 
　　根據(jù)研究測(cè)算表明，大豆田中分布的單株玉米和連片玉米，將分別造成 15% 和 60% 的減產(chǎn)。Miller 家 65 英畝(1英畝≈6畝)的大豆田，預(yù)計(jì)產(chǎn)量為 3250 蒲式耳(1蒲式耳≈27公斤，50 蒲式耳/英畝)，如果不對(duì)玉米雜草做處理，將造成總計(jì) 208.1 蒲式耳的減產(chǎn)。以每蒲式耳 15 美元的價(jià)格計(jì)算，Miller 將遭受 3122 美元的損失。
 
　　而使用 Agremo 和大疆?dāng)?shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)解決方案，Miller 最終只需噴灑全田 60% 的面積，節(jié)省了大筆費(fèi)用。
 
　　拖拉機(jī)全田噴灑與
 
　　大疆?dāng)?shù)字農(nóng)業(yè)+Agremo 解決方案收益對(duì)比
 


 

　　以每英畝 7 美元的除草劑價(jià)格，對(duì)整塊 65 英畝的農(nóng)田進(jìn)行噴灑的成本為 455 美元；另外，因拖拉機(jī)壓實(shí)土壤造成的產(chǎn)值損失達(dá) 975 美元。
 
　　拖拉機(jī)噴灑收益=$3122（除草的增產(chǎn)收益）-$455（除草劑成本）-$975（產(chǎn)量損失）=$1692
 
　　大疆T30農(nóng)業(yè)無(wú)人飛機(jī)由于只需噴灑 Agremo AI 識(shí)別的地方，因此 Miller 只需要花費(fèi) 60% 的除草劑成本 273 美元。此外，沒(méi)有了拖拉機(jī)碾壓作物造成的損失，因此產(chǎn)量更高。

　　大疆T30噴灑收益=$3122（除草的增產(chǎn)收益）-$273（除草劑成本）=$2849
 
　　因此，本次無(wú)人機(jī)精準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)噴技術(shù)的應(yīng)用有效減少了除草劑處理所需的藥量和成本，也避免了因駕駛拖拉機(jī)造成的碾軋損失，無(wú)人機(jī)點(diǎn)噴相比拖拉機(jī)全田噴灑，每英畝可增收17.8 美元。
 
　　與合作伙伴共建智慧農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)
 
　　本次大疆農(nóng)業(yè)的合作伙伴 Agremo 是來(lái)自塞爾維亞農(nóng)業(yè)科技公司，專(zhuān)注為全球種植者提供基于無(wú)人機(jī)影像的 AI 智能分析，以提供有關(guān)植物和田地的數(shù)據(jù)信息。
 
　　“讓科技之美超越想象”，大疆農(nóng)業(yè)愿意與所有機(jī)構(gòu)開(kāi)放合作，深度協(xié)同資源、數(shù)據(jù)互聯(lián)，為更多用戶提供全流程的解決方案，以更先進(jìn)和包容的技術(shù)，共同構(gòu)建智慧農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)。
 

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