今日要聞

農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造破解丘陵山區(qū)農(nóng)機(jī)化難題

2021-09-14 17:14:43 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 閱讀量：59250 評論

導(dǎo)讀：由于丘陵山區(qū)的耕地面積占全國耕地面積的近三分之一，而地塊破碎、面積小等因素長期制約著農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展水平的提高。加上當(dāng)前農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力短缺導(dǎo)致的拋荒現(xiàn)象突出，因此，進(jìn)行農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造的直接目的便是為了改變丘陵山區(qū)由于缺乏機(jī)耕道路和農(nóng)田細(xì)碎、陡峭不平導(dǎo)致的農(nóng)機(jī)難以田間轉(zhuǎn)移、無法下地、難以作業(yè)或作業(yè)效率低下的現(xiàn)狀，從而使丘陵山區(qū)耕地可以普遍適用高質(zhì)高效的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械，提高農(nóng)業(yè)作業(yè)效率和效益，推動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 編輯視角】 丘陵山區(qū)是我國糧油糖和特色農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的重要生產(chǎn)基地，也是貧困人口的集中地，分布在19個(gè)省區(qū)市的1400多個(gè)縣市區(qū)。其耕地面積、農(nóng)作物播種面積均占全國的三分之一。長期以來，受自然條件限制，丘陵山區(qū)地塊零散，地塊不規(guī)則且坡陡坎高，田間缺乏機(jī)耕道路，田塊細(xì)碎、高低不平，導(dǎo)致“牛進(jìn)得去、鐵牛進(jìn)不去”，農(nóng)機(jī)“下田難”“作業(yè)難”，嚴(yán)重制約了我國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)全面機(jī)械化水平的提升。
 
　　近年來，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將丘陵山區(qū)農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造作為高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容。什么是農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造？即在一定農(nóng)田區(qū)域內(nèi)，采用工程技術(shù)措施，對零散、異形、坡度較大的田塊進(jìn)行“小并大、短變長、彎變直、陡變緩”改造，并完善田間道路及配套水系，使得農(nóng)田適宜農(nóng)機(jī)通過和作業(yè)的改造過程。改造后丘陵山區(qū)耕地可以普遍適用高質(zhì)高效的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械，提高農(nóng)業(yè)作業(yè)效率和效益，推動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平。
 
　　近年來，我國農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造已取得一定成效。以重慶為例，重慶市屬于典型的丘陵山區(qū)，全市耕地面積共3677萬畝，其中15°以下1801萬畝，15°一25°1043萬畝，25°以上833萬畝；單塊耕地面積在1畝以下的占80%以上；人均耕地1.16畝，戶均不足5畝，耕地分散在3處以上農(nóng)戶數(shù)占比高達(dá)60%。受制于土地基礎(chǔ)條件，重慶市農(nóng)作物耕種收綜合機(jī)械化率比全國平均水平低20個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。
 
　　2014年以來，重慶市開展了農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造試驗(yàn)、試點(diǎn)和推廣工作。截至2020年3月底，全市農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造面積達(dá)到58萬畝。農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造助推了當(dāng)?shù)厮?、油菜、馬鈴薯、高粱等主要農(nóng)作物及柑橘、榨菜、花椒、茶葉、牧草、中藥材等特色經(jīng)濟(jì)作物的全面全程機(jī)械化。改造之后的地塊機(jī)器能穿梭自如、目標(biāo)作物機(jī)械操作逮及，一般水田畝均節(jié)本350元、旱地節(jié)本500元以上。2021年開始，重慶市財(cái)政每年拿出2億資金用于農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造。
 
　　此外，山西、湖南、四川等地也紛紛拿出財(cái)政資金用于丘陵山區(qū)農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造試點(diǎn)。
 
　　結(jié)語：農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造后，面積增大的地塊也有利于推動(dòng)土地流轉(zhuǎn)，提高耕地利用率，發(fā)展壯大農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營；由于丘陵山區(qū)也是貧困人口集中地，對農(nóng)田進(jìn)行改造也有利于加快補(bǔ)齊農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施短板，推動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，助力鄉(xiāng)村振興。

       部分資料來源：重慶市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村委員會(huì)、澎湃新聞《農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造可再造4億畝良田》。

上一篇： 加大這類農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼力度！茶產(chǎn)業(yè)相關(guān)機(jī)械或?qū)⒂瓉砀蟀l(fā)展機(jī)遇

下一篇：再次強(qiáng)調(diào)機(jī)收減損！對聯(lián)合收割機(jī)和農(nóng)機(jī)手有這些要求

我要評論
文明上網(wǎng)，理性發(fā)言。（您還可以輸入200個(gè)字符)

所有評論僅代表網(wǎng)友意見，與本站立場無關(guān)。

產(chǎn)品推薦 更多

[{"ID":"3078895","Picture":"55e7c227913c457896df1ebb7975b602d2ee9e61ec3846de64e246356aeb2895dee566118daf13b1.jpg","PictureDomain":"img53","Name":"9YFZ-2.2C 秸稈飼料打捆機(jī)","Type":"","Descrip":"9YFZ-2.2C 秸稈飼料打捆機(jī)","CompanyName":"四平市順邦農(nóng)機(jī)制造有限公司","CompanyID":"125648","MarketPrice":"178000","PsOrder":"3725","PgID":"77","MaxOrder":"4","CityID":"66","City":"四平市","Address":"四平市","PropertysValue":",,19493,19494,3441846","HitNumber":"2674","FrontShow":"10","IsCharges":"1","Year":"4","StarNum":"4","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471625","StandUrl":"/st125648","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 9:45:01","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"20547","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"img62","BrandPicName":"8/20230620/638228678042497072787.png","BrandProperty":"順邦農(nóng)機(jī)","PBrandID":"329","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"2023725","HasPicSort":"103078895","UserID":"138633","PriceType":"2","PictureID":"1903618","CompanyTypeID":"3","Tag":"秸稈粉碎還田機(jī),秸稈飼料打捆機(jī),秸稈打捆機(jī)","LinkMan":"順邦農(nóng)機(jī)","TelPhone":"86-0434-6089444","ClassName":"秸稈粉碎還田機(jī)","ComProduct":"秸稈飼料打捆機(jī),秸稈飼料收集機(jī),半自動(dòng)打捆機(jī),及其他配件生產(chǎn)","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"178000","RetailPrice":"181000","ComHitnumber":"88343","MarketUpdateTime":"2024/7/8 14:53:12","CreateTime":"2024/7/8 14:53:12","Flag":"1","PackageName":"VIP1星","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"曹珮","Reprint":"","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15734448822"},{"ID":"2719038","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7de75ae59de717c73f5337f62822645fa1b308f7c7533a4e1ac1646fe06346f874.jpg","PictureDomain":"img45","Name":"高效過濾器多少錢","Type":"","Descrip":"效率高、風(fēng)量大、阻力低具有高效率、大風(fēng)量、造價(jià)成本低的特點(diǎn)，適用于空調(diào)機(jī)組的終端過濾及各種大風(fēng)量空氣凈化設(shè)備。","CompanyName":"青島丹佳凈化設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"129253","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"148","City":"青島市","Address":"青島市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"215","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471569","StandUrl":"/st129253","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 8:49:03","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102719038","UserID":"142242","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1682248","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"劉文武","TelPhone":"86-0532-81109296/87811001","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"風(fēng)淋室,臭氧發(fā)生器，凈化工程，風(fēng)幕機(jī)，傳遞窗，F(xiàn)FU，空氣凈化器，多功能活氧機(jī)","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"25715","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2015/9/28 2:55:10","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15965321159"},{"ID":"2930308","Picture":"mt0001/d18d22ba8792e2aacb8eb9b0ecf3245c631abe3f7170cab613ae2f15d2ebec2cfa895e0f98f5d5ef.jpg","PictureDomain":"img79","Name":"固定式氧氣檢測儀多少錢","Type":"HCK600-A-O2","Descrip":"氧氣探測器廣泛使用于制藥，化工化肥，天然氣管網(wǎng)，污水處理，市政，冶鐵煉鋼，制冷車間，化工車間，燃?xì)庹緟^(qū)，鍋爐房，酒店廚房操作間等需要防毒防火防爆的場所。","CompanyName":"深圳市科創(chuàng)恒電子科技有限公司","CompanyID":"135391","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"214","City":"深圳市","Address":"深圳市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"82","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471563","StandUrl":"/st135391","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 8:43:11","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102930308","UserID":"148381","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1833835","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"劉先生","TelPhone":"18923701771","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"氣體檢測儀，可燃?xì)怏w檢測儀，有毒有害氣體檢測儀，一氧化碳檢測儀，甲醛檢測儀，光氣檢測儀，VOC檢測儀，臭氧檢測儀、氮氧化物檢測儀，二氧化碳檢測儀","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"9381","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/18 6:34:36","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18923701771"},{"ID":"2959952","Picture":"mt0005/d18d22ba8792e2aa5a66904ac265730720f2ea3eb52b71c81d455b5e7568871dc8f399b1798ba81e.jpg","PictureDomain":"img80","Name":"國產(chǎn)成型磨床哪家好","Type":"Micro-Cut","Descrip":"數(shù)控成型磨床特點(diǎn)：功能多樣，大主軸功率，程序靈活應(yīng)用，4軸或5軸聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)床品牌： ELB 機(jī)床型號：Micro-Cut 主電機(jī)功率：20-60KW","CompanyName":"杭州納信特機(jī)械設(shè)備有限公司","CompanyID":"135252","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"99","City":"杭州市","Address":"杭州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"53","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471563","StandUrl":"/st135252","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 8:43:15","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102959952","UserID":"148242","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1830418","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"徐海峰","TelPhone":"86-0571-82721673","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"高精密數(shù)控磨床，數(shù)控電解機(jī)床，數(shù)控去毛刺機(jī)床，數(shù)控分度頭等","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"10399","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/28 1:31:09","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15968186806"},{"ID":"3044911","Picture":"mt0001/9df95e9989903b9bf97ae82e9141c398e9bc40ea6e1398bd6cdc32115d9c7887ccca11142a66edb1.jpg","PictureDomain":"img63","Name":"德國便攜式乙烷分析儀多少錢","Type":"PGC","Descrip":"德國舒馳 便攜式乙烷分析儀 燃?xì)夤芫W(wǎng)檢測儀PGC用極短的時(shí)間就可以確定乙烷是否存在，現(xiàn)場打印色譜分離圖即時(shí)圖解測量結(jié)果。","CompanyName":"北京澤釧科技有限公司","CompanyID":"129614","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"1","City":"北京市","Address":"北京市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"79","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471562","StandUrl":"/st129614","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 8:42:08","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103044911","UserID":"142603","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1799542","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"李晟","TelPhone":"86-400-0151600","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"激光甲烷遙測儀，乙烷檢測儀，氫氣測漏儀，燃?xì)鈾z漏儀，煙氣分析儀，氣體報(bào)警器，臭氧分析儀，四氫噻吩檢測儀，氫氣檢測儀，管線探測儀","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"23602","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/5/24 13:54:47","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15699785629"},{"ID":"2889891","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7dae7ccfb65ee3150b5bb33ad14092d7a2091e9b466944893db8234eaf32a41193.jpg","PictureDomain":"img70","Name":"圖像清晰度計(jì)報(bào)價(jià)","Type":"ICM-1T","Descrip":"令旦清晰度計(jì)可以測量透明、半透明、不透明樣品清晰度、鮮映度、失真度、寫真性指標(biāo)，滿足ISO10216、JIS K7374等行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。","CompanyName":"上海令旦科技有限公司","CompanyID":"128892","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"62","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471558","StandUrl":"/st128892","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 8:38:28","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102889891","UserID":"141881","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1669968","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"孫先生","TelPhone":"021-33561885","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"霧度儀，霧度計(jì)，光澤度計(jì)、光澤度儀，清晰度儀，清晰度計(jì)，黃色度指數(shù)儀，魚眼儀，色差儀，測色儀等光學(xué)檢測設(shè)備","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"30765","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/1/15 15:21:37","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會(huì)員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18930420926"}]