全國棉花機(jī)采作業(yè)觀摩暨全程機(jī)械化推進(jìn)活動(dòng)在無棣縣舉辦

2020-10-24 10:18:43 來源：中國農(nóng)機(jī)推廣網(wǎng) 閱讀量：22029 評論

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】 10月21日，全國棉花機(jī)采作業(yè)觀摩暨全程機(jī)械化推進(jìn)活動(dòng)在山東省傳統(tǒng)植棉地區(qū)濱州市無棣縣舉辦。來自我國黃河流域棉區(qū)、長江流域棉區(qū)主產(chǎn)省份的農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站和合作社代表，山東省各棉花主產(chǎn)地區(qū)的農(nóng)機(jī)技術(shù)人員和棉農(nóng)代表，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化推進(jìn)行動(dòng)專家指導(dǎo)組成員代表，以及有關(guān)科研院校和生產(chǎn)企業(yè)代表，共計(jì)200余人參加了活動(dòng)?；顒?dòng)集中展示了黃河流域棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化示范基地技術(shù)模式和適用機(jī)具，現(xiàn)場演示了棉花采摘、棉稈處理、殘膜回收機(jī)械作業(yè)，組織參觀了棉花種植水肥一體化智能管理系統(tǒng)和棉花智能紡紗生產(chǎn)車間。
 
　　近年來，棉花采摘及殘膜回收機(jī)械化技術(shù)列入農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部性技術(shù)之一。在農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部科技教育司、農(nóng)機(jī)化管理司部署領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，在以中國工程院院士陳學(xué)庚為首的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化推進(jìn)行動(dòng)專家指導(dǎo)組精心指導(dǎo)下，在新疆、河北、山東等省區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)機(jī)“產(chǎn)學(xué)研推”團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作支持下，在有關(guān)的省、市、縣農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門和地方政府的辛勤努力下，各地農(nóng)機(jī)部門在新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)第一師、第八師，新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)阿克蘇地區(qū)沙雅縣，河北省南宮市、曲周縣，山東省濱州市濱城區(qū)、無棣縣，建設(shè)了7個(gè)棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化示范基地，涵蓋了北疆、南疆、黃河流域3個(gè)典型產(chǎn)棉區(qū)。通過連續(xù)3年試驗(yàn)示范，新疆地區(qū)不斷地熟化和遴選精量播種、打頂、植保化控、采收、殘膜回收等全程機(jī)械化技術(shù)模式和適用機(jī)具，山東、河北2省4縣引進(jìn)試驗(yàn)新疆模式，核心示范面積3000畝，輻射推廣面積4萬畝，每年增產(chǎn)10%以上。2020年，黃河流域棉區(qū)各示范基地單產(chǎn)達(dá)到400公斤，其中，山東省無棣縣示范區(qū)畝產(chǎn)籽棉414.9kg，濱城區(qū)示范區(qū)畝產(chǎn)籽棉409.3kg，畝均純收益在1000元以上。
 
　　實(shí)踐證明，陳學(xué)庚院士倡導(dǎo)的基于76厘米等行距種植的棉花采摘及殘膜回收機(jī)械化技術(shù)，通過在山東、河北的集成示范、落地實(shí)施，獲得了成功，可復(fù)制、可推廣，在各示范點(diǎn)植棉大戶中接受度高，堅(jiān)定了河北、山東兩省農(nóng)機(jī)部門和棉農(nóng)加大推廣應(yīng)用力度的信心，為推動(dòng)黃河流域棉區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)增效、農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級提供了機(jī)械化解決方案。
 
　　活動(dòng)提出，新疆棉區(qū)要進(jìn)一步做好殘膜機(jī)械化回收工作，大力推廣先進(jìn)適用機(jī)具及技術(shù)，助推國產(chǎn)采棉機(jī)、打包機(jī)發(fā)展；黃河流域棉區(qū)要加強(qiáng)適宜機(jī)采的棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化規(guī)范化實(shí)施，推進(jìn)農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝融合，把株高降下來、把密度增上去，不斷熟化技術(shù)模式。長江流域棉區(qū)要學(xué)習(xí)借鑒已有成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)，因地制宜推進(jìn)棉花生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化。各地要認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)《國務(wù)院關(guān)于加快推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化和農(nóng)機(jī)裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的指導(dǎo)意見》，大力推廣適宜機(jī)采的棉花生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化技術(shù)，促進(jìn)棉花生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化，實(shí)現(xiàn)黃河、長江流域棉花種植恢復(fù)性發(fā)展，為提升我國棉花等重要戰(zhàn)略物資自給水平提供有力的支撐。

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