未來，你吃的蔬菜水果可能全都來自智能化控制的現(xiàn)代溫室

2020-07-01 16:33:37 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：林言 閱讀量：46246 評論

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 編輯視角】 我們知道，當前我國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)已從主要依靠人力畜力轉(zhuǎn)向主要依靠機械動力，進入了機械化為主導的新階段。近年來大田作物機械化發(fā)展形勢喜人，2019年全國農(nóng)作物耕種收綜合機械化率已超過70%，而設施農(nóng)業(yè)機械化率卻不足40%。因此，實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略，推進農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化，對設施農(nóng)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展提出了新的更高要求。
 
　　設施農(nóng)業(yè)對滿足我國居民一年四季“菜籃子”需求有著重要意義。今年疫情突如其來，全國人民統(tǒng)一居家，而“菜籃子”能夠穩(wěn)定供給，離不開我國地大物博、設施農(nóng)業(yè)已成規(guī)模。另一方面，設施農(nóng)業(yè)也已成為發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)、促進農(nóng)民增收、繁榮農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的“朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè)”“民生產(chǎn)業(yè)”和“富民產(chǎn)業(yè)”。
 
　　此外，我國自然災害種類多、頻率高、分布范圍廣，洪澇、臺風、干旱、低溫雨雪等災害時間較為集中，對種植業(yè)有很大的安全影響。今年6月25日河北保定多地遭遇冰雹災害的視頻在網(wǎng)上熱傳，眾多農(nóng)民露天種植的蔬菜水果等紛紛被毀，令人惋惜。因此，推廣使用設施大棚，普及設施農(nóng)業(yè)機械裝備，在眼下也顯得尤為迫切。

 
　　6月27日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部印發(fā)了《關(guān)于加快推進設施種植機化發(fā)展的意見》(以下簡稱《意見》)，明確提出要大力推進設施布局標準化、設施建造宜機化、生產(chǎn)作業(yè)機械化、設施裝備智能化和生產(chǎn)服務社會化。這是我國對推進設施種植機械化作出系統(tǒng)部署，是推進農(nóng)業(yè)機械化向全程全面發(fā)展的一個重要行動。
 
　　在推進設施農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)作業(yè)機械化和裝備智能化上，《意見》提出，加大設施種植裝備科技創(chuàng)新投入力度，支持產(chǎn)學研推用協(xié)同攻關(guān)，突破精量播種、育苗嫁接、移栽和收獲等環(huán)節(jié)技術(shù)裝備短板。加快提升環(huán)境調(diào)控、植保作業(yè)的機械化水平，推廣普及土地耕整、灌溉施肥技術(shù)裝備。推動電動運輸、水肥一體化設施以及多功能作業(yè)平臺等與溫室結(jié)構(gòu)集成配套。加力推廣尾菜、植株秸稈、殘膜等資源化高效利用技術(shù)裝備，實現(xiàn)設施種植清潔生產(chǎn)。開展聯(lián)合攻關(guān)，加快選育、推廣宜機化設施專用品種，示范推廣宜機化種植技術(shù)模式，推進各環(huán)節(jié)機具裝備的協(xié)同配套，積極構(gòu)建區(qū)域化、標準化的設施種植全程機械化技術(shù)體系，促使良種、良法、良機配套，為機械化生產(chǎn)創(chuàng)造良好條件。有條件的地區(qū)要率先實現(xiàn)設施種植全程機械化。
 
　　同時要加快信息化和機械化融合，推廣環(huán)境自動調(diào)控、水肥一體化智能控制和作物生長信息監(jiān)測等技術(shù)，降低生產(chǎn)成本，提升設施種植機械化水平。加大科技攻關(guān)力度，重點突破設施種植裝備專用傳感器、自動作業(yè)、精準作業(yè)和智能運維管理等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)裝備，研制嫁接、授粉、巡檢、采收等農(nóng)業(yè)機器人和全自動植物工廠，實現(xiàn)信息在線感知、精細生產(chǎn)管控、高效運維管理。
 
　　其實，荷蘭、美國、澳大利亞等發(fā)達國家設施農(nóng)業(yè)早已實現(xiàn)了機械化，生產(chǎn)效率和單位產(chǎn)出率較高，正在向立體種養(yǎng)、無土栽培以及自動化、信息化方向邁進。在這一點上，我國與發(fā)達國家差距較大，舉例來說，我國日光溫室番茄高產(chǎn)水平約為22公斤/平方米，只相當于荷蘭溫室番茄平均產(chǎn)量的43%。因此，補短板、強弱項、促協(xié)調(diào)是當前我國設施農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的重點。
 
　　在政策扶持下，到2025年我國設施種植機械化水平總體將達到50%以上。所以，用不了幾年，或許你吃的水果蔬菜就是從智能化溫室里“非人工”種出的“高科技”農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。

上一篇： 大力推進設施農(nóng)業(yè)機械化（二）：補貼政策都有哪些？

下一篇：種地逐漸被機器代替，農(nóng)民去干啥？

我要評論
文明上網(wǎng)，理性發(fā)言。（您還可以輸入200個字符)

所有評論僅代表網(wǎng)友意見，與本站立場無關(guān)。

產(chǎn)品推薦 更多

[{"ID":"3032510","Picture":"5646a23e59c23271ab4387f5afb38d4b35bed0fc6bfbe35121d2ea677afd9338338115635b9d6305.jpg","PictureDomain":"img56","Name":"HRM金屬轉(zhuǎn)子流量計結(jié)構(gòu)","Type":"","Descrip":"HRM金屬浮子流量計主要特點如下： ?1.金屬浮子流量計模塊化組合設計，維修方便，正常使用免維護 ?2.金屬浮子流量計單軸、非接觸新型磁耦合結(jié)構(gòu)，信號傳輸更穩(wěn)定 ?3.金屬浮子流量計雙行、大屏幕液晶顯示瞬時、累計流量，可帶背光 ?4.金屬浮子流量計智能型具有掉電保護、數(shù)據(jù)備份及恢復功能 ?5.金屬浮子流量計全金屬結(jié)構(gòu)，抗震、耐壓、耐溫、防腐 ?6.金屬浮子流量計短行程、總高250mm","CompanyName":"上海華脈實業(yè)有限公司","CompanyID":"128827","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"78","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674197","StandUrl":"/st128827","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 1:57:13","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103032510","UserID":"141816","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1684130","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"張先生","TelPhone":"021-65367225 65367226","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"渦輪流量計，金屬管浮子流量計，渦街流量計，電磁流量計，旋進旋渦流量計，橢圓齒輪流量計，超聲波流量計，超聲波物位計，雷達物位計，批量控制器","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"37279","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/5/18 8:24:22","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13371913396"},{"ID":"2742657","Picture":"5eceadd4559dcfd27d2ccb1ab4c10e11cd3c3968661f2d350b1124e9e6acce8b4c568ed82a8433d8.jpg","PictureDomain":"img64","Name":"供應流體力學廠家","Type":"DYT001","Descrip":"通過本實驗熟悉流體力學實驗的操作流程。該實驗臺可測定：1.沿程阻力系數(shù)測定實驗。2.局部阻力系數(shù)測定實驗（突擴、突縮實驗）。3.雷諾實驗（有機玻璃管內(nèi)流體流態(tài)變化）。4.伯努利方程實驗。5.文丘里流量計測流量系數(shù)實驗和閥門實驗。6.孔板流量計測流量系數(shù)實驗。7.畢托管流量計測流量系數(shù)實驗。","CompanyName":"上海大有儀器設備有限公司","CompanyID":"129461","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"151","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674196","StandUrl":"/st129461","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 1:56:08","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102742657","UserID":"142450","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1697442","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"馮經(jīng)理","TelPhone":"021-31006861","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"流體實驗裝置，環(huán)境工程實驗裝置，化工實驗裝置，熱工實驗裝置，采暖通風實驗裝置，燃氣工程實驗裝置，過程控制實驗裝置，電工電子實驗，水文地質(zhì)實驗裝置","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"20984","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2015/6/1 3:44:58","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13310111608"},{"ID":"2945598","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7d6c8f7dfa409df58eb5971312576eb473e82b99240d22333ff39521c8c7f25bc3.jpg","PictureDomain":"img78","Name":"標準測力儀生產(chǎn)","Type":"2000型","Descrip":"QY-2000型標準測力儀可應用于精確力值（或扭矩）測量、稱重控制、傳感器調(diào)整與檢測、材料性能的測試、應力應變的測量、瞬態(tài)峰值測量等領(lǐng)域，*JJG139、157、475、373、474等規(guī)程，實為計量技術(shù)機構(gòu)用于力值、質(zhì)量、硬度等計量傳遞、檢定校準和性能檢測等較理想的工具。","CompanyName":"江蘇銓儀計量科技有限公司","CompanyID":"128873","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"89","City":"常州市","Address":"常州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"64","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674194","StandUrl":"/st128873","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 1:54:09","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102945598","UserID":"141862","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1669258","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"胡經(jīng)理","TelPhone":"400-1399-365 ","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"計量檢定裝置，標準測力儀、測力杠桿、砝碼、同軸度測量儀、千斤頂檢定儀及扭矩檢定儀等","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"36798","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/23 17:00:57","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15995215336"},{"ID":"3173960","Picture":"mt0001/8975028d8e14767fb11e24f938c5ff9db9e53307192fddce8591d6d8a1c204462dea52b2fb3caf0f.png","PictureDomain":"img73","Name":"江蘇恒溫恒濕試驗箱價格","Type":"JW-","Descrip":"壓縮機循環(huán)系統(tǒng)采用法國“泰康”牌，更能有效去除冷凝管與毛細管間的潤滑油并全系列采用美國霍尼韋爾環(huán)保冷媒（R404）；","CompanyName":"上海巨為儀器設備有限公司","CompanyID":"141187","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"56","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674191","StandUrl":"/st141187","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 1:51:07","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103173960","UserID":"154177","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1966933","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"王先生","TelPhone":"021-67295261/67295262/51079850","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"鹽霧腐蝕試驗箱，恒溫恒濕試驗箱，冷熱沖擊試驗箱，臭氧老化試驗箱，換氣老化試驗箱，氙燈耐氣候試驗箱，紫外線老化試驗箱，沙塵試驗箱，淋雨試驗箱，快速溫度變化試驗箱","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"6639","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/10/29 16:23:21","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18217777117"},{"ID":"3245074","Picture":"mt0001/716cbbfcbc1fd2931e25631e2193a8fbd91f65b9434780a13e795366bd33d1be52a8bf221bedf10b.png","PictureDomain":"img51","Name":"供應電子萬能拉力試驗機價格","Type":"","Descrip":"深圳三思億緯電子萬能拉力試驗機采用高強度光杠固定上橫梁和工作臺面,構(gòu)成高剛性的門式框架結(jié)構(gòu)。","CompanyName":"深圳晟思億緯科技有限公司","CompanyID":"129147","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"214","City":"深圳市","Address":"深圳市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"39","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674191","StandUrl":"/st129147","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 1:51:31","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103245074","UserID":"142136","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"2018464","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"李工","TelPhone":"86-0755-23590489","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"粉體壓實密度儀，微機控制電子壓力試驗機，電子試驗機，電液伺服試驗機","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"32535","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2025/1/16 1:55:54","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13410989392"},{"ID":"2880796","Picture":"mt0001/819f05fe9a3ee920c511d1a943f60d0d74b4f1e88b7fe3310204aa794015810ca71528425c8c9fe7.png","PictureDomain":"img70","Name":"空氣 浮游菌采樣器廠家","Type":"FKC-I","Descrip":"FKC-I浮游菌采集器是在原型號JYQ-IV浮游空氣塵菌采樣器的基礎(chǔ)上改進的。FKC-I型浮游空氣塵菌采樣器 符合標準GMP 藥品食品生產(chǎn)質(zhì)量管理規(guī)范，ISO 14698-1/2 潔凈室及相關(guān)控制環(huán)境的生物污染控制GB/T 16293-2010 醫(yī)藥工業(yè)潔凈室（區(qū)）浮游菌的測試方法 。","CompanyName":"蘇州長留凈化科技有限公司","CompanyID":"133537","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"90","City":"蘇州市","Address":"蘇州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"86","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51674190","StandUrl":"/st133537","UpdateTime":"2025/3/13 1:50:28","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102880796","UserID":"146527","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1797870","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"劉小姐","TelPhone":"0512-62387955","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"生物安全柜，凈化工作臺，塵埃粒子計數(shù)器，浮游細菌采樣器，風量罩，微生物限度檢查儀，集菌儀","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"18383","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2023/12/31 16:53:27","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18915420690"}]