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千億級的二手農(nóng)機(jī)市場何時能夠壯大起來？

2019-08-05 09:09:26 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：林言 閱讀量：49578 評論

導(dǎo)讀：近幾年來，二手汽車市場很是“火爆”，瓜子、人人、優(yōu)信等二手車交易平臺廣為大眾熟知。由發(fā)展迅速的二手汽車市場聯(lián)想到農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)，為什么二手農(nóng)機(jī)卻沒有同步“火爆”起來呢？

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 市場行情】 近幾年來，二手汽車市場很是“火爆”，瓜子、人人、優(yōu)信等二手車交易平臺廣為大眾熟知。由發(fā)展迅速的二手汽車市場聯(lián)想到農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)，為什么二手農(nóng)機(jī)卻沒有同步“火爆”起來呢？
 
　　按理說，我國二手農(nóng)機(jī)的數(shù)量和規(guī)模是巨大的。我們都知道，從2004年開始的農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)10年“黃金發(fā)展期”期間，農(nóng)機(jī)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)量、農(nóng)民購買量、市場保有量都達(dá)到了的高度，拖拉機(jī)、小麥機(jī)、水稻機(jī)、玉米機(jī)、旋耕機(jī)等主要農(nóng)機(jī)市場趨于飽和。高度的市場保有量為二手農(nóng)機(jī)市場發(fā)展提供了肥沃的土壤。

　　除正常使用過的二手農(nóng)機(jī)外，還有一部分新機(jī)也進(jìn)入了二手市場：一是部分經(jīng)銷商為去庫存、緩解資金壓力，將手里的新機(jī)低價轉(zhuǎn)入二手市場，加之當(dāng)前國三升國四期限臨近，農(nóng)機(jī)經(jīng)銷商庫存壓力也進(jìn)一步加大；二是地區(qū)之間補(bǔ)貼資金不平衡造成補(bǔ)貼機(jī)異地流動，一些能享受到補(bǔ)貼的農(nóng)民將購買到的新機(jī)器直接轉(zhuǎn)賣給補(bǔ)貼資金緊缺的地區(qū)，或補(bǔ)貼資金高地區(qū)的補(bǔ)貼機(jī)流轉(zhuǎn)到資金少的地區(qū)；三是一些騙補(bǔ)的合作社等將手里全新的“項(xiàng)目農(nóng)機(jī)”轉(zhuǎn)手到二手市場(對于騙補(bǔ)行為，國家和各地農(nóng)機(jī)主管部門已加大打擊力度，清理、整治“問題環(huán)節(jié)”)。
 
　　總體來說，我國二手農(nóng)機(jī)貨源足夠，存儲量夠大，也具備可持續(xù)性供應(yīng)，所以二手市場有著巨大的發(fā)展空間。目前國內(nèi)二手農(nóng)機(jī)的交易還處于探索和創(chuàng)新階段，雖然有眾多經(jīng)營商戶，但基本處于‘小、散、低’層次，沒有形成規(guī)模。綜合行業(yè)專家觀點(diǎn)，二手農(nóng)機(jī)市場沒有壯大起來的原因有以下幾點(diǎn)：
 
　　缺少科學(xué)的二手農(nóng)機(jī)分級評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和的第三方鑒定機(jī)構(gòu)及專業(yè)鑒定人員，這是阻礙我國二手農(nóng)機(jī)市場良性發(fā)展的大因素。二手農(nóng)機(jī)的估值難在買方和賣方之間對同一臺機(jī)器的價值認(rèn)定不一致。有了公正的評價機(jī)構(gòu)制定二手機(jī)評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和機(jī)構(gòu)鑒定，機(jī)主和用戶就可以按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)達(dá)成一致意見，完成交易。但國內(nèi)二手農(nóng)機(jī)恰恰缺的就是機(jī)構(gòu)、行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和專家，這是造成二手農(nóng)機(jī)發(fā)展不規(guī)范、估值不公平的主要原因。
 
　　價格和補(bǔ)貼政策。從本質(zhì)上來說，相對于新機(jī)，二手農(nóng)機(jī)的核心優(yōu)勢是價格上的優(yōu)勢。如果沒有了這個優(yōu)勢，二手農(nóng)機(jī)就失去了存在的價值。而我國的農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼政策關(guān)鍵就是幫助用戶解決部分資金問題，降低購買門檻。25%～30%的比例正好是使用兩三年二手農(nóng)機(jī)的市場流轉(zhuǎn)價，價位相差不多，農(nóng)民當(dāng)然更愿意領(lǐng)補(bǔ)貼購買新機(jī)。因此補(bǔ)貼政策在一定程度上抑制了二手農(nóng)機(jī)市場的發(fā)展。
 
　　售后問題。*，新購農(nóng)機(jī)都有“三包”服務(wù)，而且多是由農(nóng)機(jī)經(jīng)銷商提供，維修起來較為方便；而購買的二手農(nóng)機(jī)大多在“三包”期之外，機(jī)器出了質(zhì)量問題只能由購買者自己承擔(dān)。
 
　　不法商販。因二手農(nóng)機(jī)價格便宜，性價比高，市場越來越火爆，但卻讓一些不法商販鉆了空子。如：可能會賣給你事故車，雖經(jīng)翻修之后看不出什么問題，但是可能會給用戶造成心理陰影；在進(jìn)行二手機(jī)交易時手續(xù)不全，如抵押車、查封車等。這樣的車價格便宜，但可能會讓購買者攤上違法的事兒；機(jī)器工作時間長，這部分農(nóng)機(jī)的工作時間大大超過正常范圍，存在機(jī)器勞損的隱患，雖然便宜，但質(zhì)量沒有保障。
 
　　結(jié)語：在當(dāng)前農(nóng)機(jī)市場整體低迷的情況下，要刺激、盤活市場，二手市場的利用空間是非?？捎^的。想要讓二手農(nóng)機(jī)市場發(fā)展壯大起來，首要任務(wù)是制定出科學(xué)合理的二手農(nóng)機(jī)評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。發(fā)達(dá)國家的二手農(nóng)機(jī)交易，都有正規(guī)的鑒定、評估機(jī)構(gòu)，行業(yè)協(xié)會也給經(jīng)銷商和用戶提供有二手農(nóng)機(jī)估值參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。筆者在此呼吁國內(nèi)相關(guān)部門、行業(yè)協(xié)會牽頭，成立二手農(nóng)機(jī)鑒定機(jī)構(gòu)，大力維護(hù)農(nóng)機(jī)消費(fèi)者的合法權(quán)益，從而促進(jìn)二手農(nóng)機(jī)經(jīng)營與服務(wù)的健康快速發(fā)展。

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