聚焦果樹飛防，大疆農(nóng)業(yè)戰(zhàn)略布局藍(lán)海市場

2019-06-15 08:43:07 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：四夕 閱讀量：50073 評論

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 明星企業(yè)】近，市場上的蔬菜、瓜果、雞蛋等農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品價格持續(xù)高位運行，引起了極大關(guān)注。水果批發(fā)均價處于近5年的高點，這對于早已將水果作為食物消費重要組成部分的消費者來說并不是個好消息。誠然，水果價格強勢上行的走勢與季節(jié)性因素有著密切關(guān)系，但也不能否認(rèn)水果極易受病蟲害影響，從而導(dǎo)致因災(zāi)減產(chǎn)而漲價。在此背景下，果樹飛防這個尚待開發(fā)的藍(lán)海市場在植保飛防領(lǐng)域愈發(fā)炙手可熱。
 

        果樹飛防難點待破，植保作業(yè)面臨巨大考驗
 
　　目前，植保無人機(jī)大范圍作業(yè)主要集中于北方以及南方平原地區(qū)，在南方植保市場規(guī)模更大的果樹植保領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用還較為缺乏。這些被種植在山區(qū)丘陵地區(qū)的果樹種植帶地形起伏大。同時，果樹不同于水稻等糧食作業(yè)，其種植一般較為分散，且植株高大、樹冠大、樹葉層數(shù)密集，視線容易受到遮擋，對于往返作業(yè)無人機(jī)的操作和安全性要求都更高。
 
　　寬大的樹葉成為害蟲天然的保護(hù)障，很多害蟲都在樹葉背面活動使農(nóng)藥難以噴灑。此外，害蟲也并不僅僅是分布在果樹上，果樹周圍的雜草也是害蟲喜歡的寄居之所，對于噴灑更是難上加難。同時，復(fù)雜的果園環(huán)境本身對無人機(jī)操作要求就較高，沃柑等果樹還有較長的棘刺，樹枝在亂流的影響下大幅度擺動很有可能會造成果面劃傷從而造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。
 
　　可以說，如何保證無人機(jī)作業(yè)時能夠?qū)⑥r(nóng)藥噴灑到每一顆果樹、把每顆果樹從上到下打透、甚至是噴灑到樹葉背面的同時保證水果質(zhì)量是果農(nóng)關(guān)注的植保作業(yè)效果主要聚焦點所在。作為無人機(jī)行業(yè)獨角獸企業(yè)的深圳市大疆創(chuàng)新科技有限公司(以下簡稱“大疆農(nóng)業(yè)”)自然也有所考量，從“植保飛防聯(lián)合實驗室”項目啟動到無人機(jī)果樹模式的研發(fā)，無一不昭示其在果樹飛防領(lǐng)域的戰(zhàn)略布局信心。
 
　　聚焦果樹飛防——“植保飛防聯(lián)合實驗室”項目啟動
 
　　4月份，DJI大疆農(nóng)業(yè)與中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院植物保護(hù)研究所共同宣布聯(lián)合實驗室第二期項目計劃，并舉行簽約儀式。雙方二期合作項目主要聚焦于大疆農(nóng)業(yè)T16植保無人飛機(jī)果園施藥的應(yīng)用研究，利用T16的果樹模式為柑橘木虱的防治提供飛防作業(yè)方案，同時為植保隊作業(yè)提供更專業(yè)的數(shù)據(jù)參考和應(yīng)用指導(dǎo)。
 
　　T16植保無人機(jī)將三維場景重建、地圖語義識別兩項AI技術(shù)實現(xiàn)應(yīng)用落地，在果樹場景下，通過精靈4RTK的航測規(guī)劃以及大疆農(nóng)業(yè)智圖(Terra)的導(dǎo)入與處理后，就可以實現(xiàn)對作業(yè)場景的識別。在完成作業(yè)場景識別生成3D航線后，T16就能結(jié)合航線進(jìn)行自動飛行作業(yè)，并且在有果樹的區(qū)域才噴灑，沒有果樹的區(qū)域就停止，更加節(jié)省農(nóng)藥和水的使用量。
 
　　T16果樹模式所匹配的三維場景語義識別系統(tǒng)，是基于卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的深度學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)，它采用三維點云切片與三維特征融合技術(shù)，對三維場景中的物體進(jìn)行個體識別。目前這套系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)通過超過30萬張的果樹圖片訓(xùn)練，能夠在不到1分鐘的時間內(nèi)完成200畝地的全環(huán)境識別。識別的果樹類型已達(dá)到20種，包括蘋果、柑橘、芒果、香蕉、火龍果等，果樹識別準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到了95%。
 
　　未來一年內(nèi)，中國農(nóng)科院植保所將以大疆農(nóng)業(yè)T16植保無人飛機(jī)為測試平臺，在全國多個柑橘等果樹產(chǎn)區(qū)進(jìn)行實地測試，為有效防治柑橘木虱提供更科學(xué)的飛防方案，同時為大疆農(nóng)業(yè)植保無人機(jī)的飛防優(yōu)化提供多方位的技術(shù)支持，持續(xù)優(yōu)化“果樹模式”，并開發(fā)遙感技術(shù)在農(nóng)田生產(chǎn)全周期應(yīng)用。
 
　　挖掘果樹飛防百億市場——果樹模式1.0到2.0版本更新?lián)Q代
 
　　隨著氣溫升高，各地時令水果上市量將逐漸增大，水果市場供應(yīng)偏緊的局面逐漸好轉(zhuǎn)，全國果樹飛防作業(yè)旺季也即將到來。為更好地應(yīng)用果園飛防技術(shù)，推動飛防產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級，DJI大疆農(nóng)業(yè)將在2019年6-8月間，聯(lián)合生態(tài)合作伙伴，推出一系列果樹飛防活動。
 
　　今年5月，T16果樹模式固件發(fā)布，植保無人機(jī)在果園場景下全自主作業(yè)的飛防時代正式開啟。然而，大疆農(nóng)業(yè)自2012年起將無人機(jī)技術(shù)應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域，短短幾年時間就能夠完成資本積累和市場擴(kuò)張，而大疆農(nóng)業(yè)并不滿足于僅僅實現(xiàn)果樹飛防全自主作業(yè)，還將開發(fā)更多適應(yīng)果園復(fù)雜場景的作業(yè)模式，為此，大疆農(nóng)業(yè)更是不吝于在科技創(chuàng)新研發(fā)層面不斷加碼，果樹模式更新?lián)Q代即將推出2.0版本。
 
　　據(jù)了解，大疆農(nóng)業(yè)即將發(fā)布的果樹模式2.0版本，搭載了具有樹心識別功能的AI飛防系統(tǒng)，為離散種植的果樹提供定制化的植保解決方案。同時，噴灑模式更強大，能對高樹齡、厚冠層的果樹進(jìn)行針對性噴灑。除此之外，果樹模式2.0新增AI識別結(jié)果編輯功能，使航線規(guī)劃更加人性化。
 
　　經(jīng)過近百萬張果樹圖片的訓(xùn)練，果樹模式2.0中的AI識別系統(tǒng)能夠在短時間內(nèi)識別樹心，統(tǒng)計棵數(shù)，確保T16對每一棵果樹都進(jìn)行針對性的噴灑。開啟樹心模式后，T16可以基于樹心位置規(guī)劃更優(yōu)航線，使植保無人機(jī)的飛行路徑更短，節(jié)省電池與時間成本，優(yōu)化果園管理。
 
　　除了強大的樹心識別功能外，果樹模式2.0版本支持懸停噴灑、旋轉(zhuǎn)噴灑等更多作業(yè)模式。在生成樹心航線后，飛手可以根據(jù)作業(yè)計劃，點擊*位置添加樹心，或使用橡皮擦功能對不需要進(jìn)行作業(yè)的區(qū)域進(jìn)行涂抹，動動手指頭便可以在遙控器上對航線進(jìn)行二次編輯。
 

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