話題：畜牧業(yè)機(jī)械發(fā)展“黃金期”因何而來？

2018-06-01 17:10:06 來源：中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：林言 閱讀量：50501 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 編輯視角】我國作為人口消費大國，特別是隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，在消費升級戰(zhàn)略下，以高蛋白、低脂肪為特點的牛羊肉消費近年來呈快速增長態(tài)勢，牛羊肉在肉類消費總量中的比重逐步提高。據(jù)有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計，2017年我國牛羊肉消費量分別為794萬噸、494萬噸，排名世界和第三，但是由于本土牛羊肉產(chǎn)量尚無法滿足市場需求，長期以來依靠進(jìn)口來填補(bǔ)國內(nèi)巨大的需求缺口。
 
　　受飼養(yǎng)周期長、生產(chǎn)成本高、發(fā)展方式落后等因素影響，國內(nèi)牛羊肉生產(chǎn)增長緩慢，部分地區(qū)市場供應(yīng)偏緊，對進(jìn)口依賴性較大。如何促進(jìn)牛羊肉產(chǎn)業(yè)健康發(fā)展，做大做強(qiáng)肉牛肉羊，改善屠宰加工、品質(zhì)檢驗設(shè)施裝備條件，提高企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力，開發(fā)特色牛羊肉產(chǎn)品，延長產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條，促進(jìn)牛羊屠宰加工行業(yè)向規(guī)?；?、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、品牌化方向發(fā)展已成為行業(yè)亟待解決的問題。近年來，畜牧業(yè)機(jī)械產(chǎn)業(yè)迎來發(fā)展的黃金期，主要源自以下兩大助推力。

 

　　糧改飼大政策的推進(jìn)
 
　　我國雖然是*二平原大國，草原面積近4億公頃，但由于各種原因，我國的牧草產(chǎn)業(yè)并不發(fā)達(dá)，甚至可以說嚴(yán)重落后，草種、草產(chǎn)品添加劑、機(jī)械等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和裝備對外依存度高，國外產(chǎn)品在我國的市場占有率超過90%。糧改飼是農(nóng)業(yè)部開展的以落實國家農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革以及促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的一項改革政策。自2015年開始實施，2017年將試點范圍將擴(kuò)大到整個“鐮刀彎”地區(qū)和黃淮海玉米主產(chǎn)區(qū)的17個省區(qū)，目標(biāo)任務(wù)增加到600萬畝。三年來的實踐證明，糧改飼政策順應(yīng)了農(nóng)牧業(yè)發(fā)展的新形勢，有力拉動了種植業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和畜牧業(yè)節(jié)本提質(zhì)增效，實現(xiàn)了種養(yǎng)雙贏，產(chǎn)生了良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和生態(tài)效益。近年因糧改飼政策而走紅的青飼料收獲機(jī)異軍突起，在各大農(nóng)機(jī)展會頻頻亮相。
 
　　農(nóng)機(jī)補(bǔ)貼政策的傾斜
 
　　農(nóng)機(jī)化管理司產(chǎn)發(fā)處副處長李偉在2017年的全國飼草(料)收獲機(jī)發(fā)展論壇上曾表示，為配合農(nóng)業(yè)部糧改飼政策的實施，農(nóng)機(jī)購置補(bǔ)貼政策將會加大對畜牧機(jī)械的補(bǔ)貼力度。飼草料生產(chǎn)所需機(jī)具是列入中央財政補(bǔ)貼資金重點，足可看出國家對此的重視程度。在今年年初印發(fā)的《2018-2020年農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械購置補(bǔ)貼實施指導(dǎo)意見》中，飼料(草)加工機(jī)械設(shè)備、飼養(yǎng)機(jī)械等3大類、17小類畜牧機(jī)械都在補(bǔ)貼目錄中。
 
　　另外，近日農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、財政部聯(lián)合發(fā)布了2018年強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策，其中包括農(nóng)民直接補(bǔ)貼、支持新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體發(fā)展、支持農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、支持農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)融合發(fā)展等舉措，以綠色生態(tài)為導(dǎo)向的農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度將是未來農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的主要方向，這也將對牛羊肉產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展形成利好。
 
　　*，在畜牧全程機(jī)械化方面，歐洲一直是走在世界前列的。不得不承認(rèn)，與發(fā)達(dá)國家相比，目前我國畜牧業(yè)機(jī)械化總體水平還較低，也正因如此，未來行業(yè)發(fā)展空間巨大，相信在一系列政策暖風(fēng)的吹拂下，畜牧業(yè)機(jī)械行業(yè)會迎來發(fā)展的“黃金期”。
 
 

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