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甘蔗應(yīng)對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)暴雨生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見

2024-07-26 09:03:08 來源：全國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)推廣中心 閱讀量：20276 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：為防范和減輕災(zāi)害影響，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部種植業(yè)管理司會(huì)同全國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)中心、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部糖料專家指導(dǎo)組，研究提出甘蔗應(yīng)對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)暴雨生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】 根據(jù)氣象部門預(yù)報(bào)，今年第3號(hào)臺(tái)風(fēng)“格美”將于7月25日在福建中部到浙江南部一帶沿海登陸，最強(qiáng)可達(dá)強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)級(jí)或超強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)級(jí)。臺(tái)風(fēng)影響區(qū)域會(huì)出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴雨，可能造成甘蔗折斷、倒伏和澇害，對(duì)甘蔗產(chǎn)量和糖分含量帶來嚴(yán)重影響。為防范和減輕災(zāi)害影響，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部種植業(yè)管理司會(huì)同全國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)中心、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部糖料專家指導(dǎo)組，研究提出甘蔗應(yīng)對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)暴雨生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見。
 
　　提前剝除老葉
 
　　臺(tái)風(fēng)來臨前及時(shí)剝除甘蔗老葉，增強(qiáng)蔗田通風(fēng)透氣透光性，減少與臺(tái)風(fēng)接觸面積，增強(qiáng)新葉光合作用，使植株生長(zhǎng)健壯，降低病蟲害發(fā)生率，提高抗倒伏能力。
 
　　及時(shí)扶正培土
 
　　臺(tái)風(fēng)過后，要將倒伏的甘蔗植株及時(shí)扶正，可用繩子在植株三分之二高處將兩行甘蔗捆成人字形。對(duì)于稍矮的甘蔗可將相鄰的植株捆成一束，保持直立狀態(tài)，并培土壓實(shí)蔗根。扶正的甘蔗植株恢復(fù)生長(zhǎng)15天后，可解開捆綁物恢復(fù)正常生長(zhǎng)。
 
　　抓緊搶排積水
 
　　臺(tái)風(fēng)帶來短時(shí)強(qiáng)降雨，發(fā)生澇害的低洼蔗田，要盡快排除田間積水，避免浸泡時(shí)間過長(zhǎng)造成甘蔗根系缺氧甚至爛根死亡。
 
　　適時(shí)追施肥料
 
　　臺(tái)風(fēng)過后，要追施一次肥料，氮、磷、鉀肥配合施用，每畝施用甘蔗復(fù)合肥20千克，或施尿素10千克、磷肥20千克、鉀肥5千克。追肥時(shí)配合進(jìn)行培土，使蔗根多生、深扎，以提高抗倒伏能力。
 
　　防治病蟲鼠害
 
　　臺(tái)風(fēng)過后易引起梢腐病、蚜蟲、螟蟲、薊馬等病蟲害發(fā)生，要加強(qiáng)田間管理，及時(shí)噴灑殺蟲、殺菌藥物進(jìn)行防治。臺(tái)風(fēng)引起甘蔗植株倒伏的地塊，容易招致鼠害，臺(tái)風(fēng)過后要及時(shí)將殺鼠毒餌投放在蔗田周圍，開展蔗田滅鼠工作。

上一篇： 玉米應(yīng)對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng)影響及災(zāi)后恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)意見

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