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今日大暑│萬物生長旺 田間農(nóng)事忙

2024-07-22 13:49:53 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：32561 評論

導(dǎo)讀：“大暑”前后是一年中溫度最高的時間，農(nóng)作物生長也最快。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】 大暑，是二十四節(jié)氣中的第十二個節(jié)氣，也是夏季最后一個節(jié)氣。“暑”是炎熱的意思，大暑，指炎熱之極。
 
　　“大暑”前后是一年中溫度最高的時間，農(nóng)作物生長也最快。我國的降水主要集中在夏季，尤其是大暑節(jié)氣，高溫酷熱、雨量充沛，是萬物狂長的時節(jié)。在高溫季節(jié)，農(nóng)作物生長旺盛，需要大量水分，而夏季正是中國降水最多、最集中的季節(jié)，高溫期與多雨期一致，水熱搭配好，對農(nóng)作物的生長十分有利。
 
　　此時既是農(nóng)業(yè)生長旺季，同時又是病蟲害滋生蔓延和氣象災(zāi)害頻繁的時期。所以在農(nóng)事活動上既要加快步伐，爭取足夠的營養(yǎng)生長期，又要注意躲避“秋寒”的危害，安全地追求作物高產(chǎn)。
 
圖片來源：千圖網(wǎng)
 
　　農(nóng)作物方面，在大暑時節(jié)，要根據(jù)天氣的變化靈活安排水稻的農(nóng)事活動，晴天多割，陰天多栽。種植雙季稻的地區(qū)要適時收獲早稻，注意減少后期風(fēng)雨造成的危害，確保豐產(chǎn)豐收。而且可使雙晚適時栽插，爭取足夠的生長期。此外，還要做好秋播作物種子、物資準(zhǔn)備，立秋前搶播秋玉米、秋大豆等秋播糧食作物。
 
　　蔬菜方面，大暑后可以露地分批陸續(xù)播種莧菜、木菜、空心菜、香菜等耐熱的葉類蔬菜。高溫干旱地區(qū)需要注意給蔬菜及時補(bǔ)足水分，降水多的地方則要防范爛根現(xiàn)象。此時，秋冬茬日光溫室種植的茄果類作物正值播種適期，要注意選好育苗場所，做好種子消毒和處理工作，并注意開展蔬菜的防澇害相關(guān)工作。
 
　　茶園方面，要做好茶園覆蓋、遮蔭。利用作物桔桿、山草、綠肥等材料覆蓋茶園行間土壤，減少水份蒸發(fā)，保持土壤濕度。每畝茶園鋪2000公斤左右稻草或山雜草，以鋪草后不見土為原則，厚度為8—10厘米之間，其作用是抑制雜草生長，抗旱保濕，有利于土壤有益微生物繁殖，熟化土壤，提高肥力；有條件的平地、緩坡茶園可采用遮蔭網(wǎng)遮蔭，以離地1.8-2.0米搭架，高出茶樹蓬面50-60厘米為宜，方便茶園管理和采摘。 還要做好茶園灌溉，水源充足且有條件進(jìn)行灌溉的茶園，利用灌溉補(bǔ)水兼降溫，抗旱防旱直接且有效?？稍谇宄?、傍晚進(jìn)行噴灌、滴灌、澆灌。
 
　　畜牧養(yǎng)殖方面，要定期對養(yǎng)殖場及周邊環(huán)境進(jìn)行消毒，嚴(yán)格限制車輛和人員進(jìn)出養(yǎng)殖場，必須經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格的消毒處理方可進(jìn)入；要做好畜禽欄舍的通風(fēng)和降溫，供給畜禽充足飲水；飼料中添加維生素，增強(qiáng)抵抗力，防止中暑；需防范由高溫而引起的一些瘟病及疫病，提前做好相應(yīng)防范措施，防止疫病的發(fā)生及流行。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(epigene.com.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：百度百科、光明日報。

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