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當(dāng)前全國春耕形勢如何?農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:今年糧食意向種植面積較上年有所增加

2024-04-22 13:42:00 來源:農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理 閱讀量:23114 評論

導(dǎo)讀:谷雨前后是春耕生產(chǎn)最繁忙的時(shí)候、也是全年糧油作物落地落實(shí)最關(guān)鍵的時(shí)期。

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】 4月19日,國務(wù)院新聞辦公室舉行新聞發(fā)布會,介紹2024年一季度農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行情況,并答記者問。
 
  谷雨前后是春耕生產(chǎn)最繁忙的時(shí)候、也是全年糧油作物落地落實(shí)最關(guān)鍵的時(shí)期。一個(gè)月前,國務(wù)院召開了全國春季農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)會議,未雨綢繆對春耕生產(chǎn)進(jìn)行了全面部署安排,各地和各級農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門不誤農(nóng)時(shí)不誤春,堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)面積、增單產(chǎn)兩手發(fā)力,有力有序推進(jìn)春耕生產(chǎn)。
 
  在本次發(fā)布會上,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部種植業(yè)管理司司長潘文博介紹,據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部農(nóng)情調(diào)度,截至4月18日,全國已春播糧食作物面積1.9億畝、占計(jì)劃面積的19.8%,播種進(jìn)度比去年同期快0.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部重點(diǎn)抓了三個(gè)方面工作:
 
  第一,穩(wěn)面積。農(nóng)民種不種糧,種多少糧,主要有“三看”,一看市場、二看政策、三看天氣。今年國家繼續(xù)加大對糧食生產(chǎn)支持力度,提高小麥、早秈稻最低收購價(jià),穩(wěn)定玉米、大豆生產(chǎn)者補(bǔ)貼,擴(kuò)大糧食單產(chǎn)提升工程資金規(guī)模,繼續(xù)實(shí)施小麥“一噴三防”全覆蓋、南方水稻集中育秧設(shè)施建設(shè)補(bǔ)助,穩(wěn)定農(nóng)民種糧收益預(yù)期。同時(shí),春播期間全國大部地區(qū)的土壤墑情適宜,庫塘蓄水比較充足,利于種足種滿。據(jù)農(nóng)情調(diào)度,今年糧食意向種植面積17.8億畝以上,比上年有所增加。
 
  第二,提單產(chǎn)。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部堅(jiān)持把糧食增產(chǎn)的重心放到大面積提高單產(chǎn)上,錨定新一輪千億斤糧食產(chǎn)能提升行動目標(biāo),聚焦大豆、玉米、小麥、水稻、油菜等主要作物,推進(jìn)良田、良種、良機(jī)、良法、良制“五良”融合,在主產(chǎn)縣整建制開展大面積單產(chǎn)提升行動,主要在增加種植密度、提高播種質(zhì)量、水肥精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控、減少產(chǎn)量損失四個(gè)方面下功夫,全環(huán)節(jié)、全過程、全要素挖掘單產(chǎn)潛力。
 
  第三,抓防災(zāi)。氣象部門預(yù)計(jì),今年農(nóng)業(yè)氣象年景總體偏差,洪澇災(zāi)害可能要重于干旱,極端天氣事件頻發(fā)。農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同氣象、水利、應(yīng)急等部門分區(qū)域、分作物、分災(zāi)種制定防災(zāi)減災(zāi)預(yù)案和技術(shù)方案,做好物資儲備和技術(shù)準(zhǔn)備,適時(shí)派出工作組和科技小分隊(duì)深入主產(chǎn)區(qū)和重災(zāi)區(qū),指導(dǎo)落實(shí)防災(zāi)減災(zāi)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)措施。特別是加快建設(shè)區(qū)域農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)急救災(zāi)中心,配強(qiáng)救災(zāi)機(jī)具裝備,建強(qiáng)農(nóng)機(jī)應(yīng)急作業(yè)服務(wù)隊(duì),提升糧食和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的防災(zāi)減災(zāi)救災(zāi)能力。
 
  此外,潘文博還表示,今年夏季糧油生產(chǎn)形勢不錯(cuò),豐收已經(jīng)有了很好的基礎(chǔ)。主要基于兩點(diǎn):
 
  一是面積穩(wěn)中有增。去年小麥秋播時(shí),主產(chǎn)區(qū)土壤墑情適宜,加之小麥?zhǔn)袌鰞r(jià)格比較好,各地應(yīng)種盡種,冬小麥面積穩(wěn)中略增。在國家擴(kuò)種油菜補(bǔ)貼政策的引導(dǎo)下,南方地區(qū)充分利用冬閑田發(fā)展稻油、稻稻油等輪作模式擴(kuò)種冬油菜,預(yù)計(jì)冬油菜面積增加200萬畝以上,在去年增加的基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)增加。
 
  另一個(gè)是苗情長勢好于上年。專家分析,今年冬小麥在越冬期間基本實(shí)現(xiàn)“三個(gè)越冬”,足墑越冬、帶綠越冬、蓋雪越冬,返青以后天氣總體正常,肥水管理、除草防病的措施到位,小麥拔節(jié)孕穗苗情長勢好于冬前、好于返青期,也好于上年和常年。據(jù)最新農(nóng)情調(diào)度,全國冬小麥一二類苗的比例91%,比上年同期高1個(gè)百分點(diǎn),比常年高1.9個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。
 
  注:本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(epigene.com.cn)整理發(fā)布,資料來源:農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部。
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