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關(guān)注糧食生產(chǎn)——大豆擴種情況如何?

2022-05-12 17:35:38 來源:農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 閱讀量:49755 評論

導(dǎo)讀:從季度來看,2022年一季度我國進口大豆2028萬噸,數(shù)量同比減少4.2%,金額卻增長20.9%,凸顯了進口大豆價格的上漲。

  【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 編輯視角】 根據(jù)中國海關(guān)總署的數(shù)據(jù),2022年4月份中國大豆進口量為808萬噸,較3月份的635萬噸增長27%,高于上年同期的745萬噸。而今年4月份,大豆進口額比去年同期增長了30%。2022年前4個月中國進口的大豆為2836萬噸,較上年同期的2859萬噸減少0.8%
 
  從季度來看,2022年一季度我國進口大豆2028萬噸,數(shù)量同比減少4.2%,金額卻增長20.9%,凸顯了進口大豆價格的上漲。
 
  關(guān)于大豆對我國糧食安全的重要性,此前筆者曾有過介紹(新形勢下保障糧食安全之?dāng)U種大豆:為何大豆如此重要),總體來說要減少進口大豆,增加國產(chǎn)大豆量。眾所周知,擴種大豆油料作物是今年農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的一項硬任務(wù)。國家大力實施大豆油料產(chǎn)能提升工程,擴大東北地區(qū)大豆種植面積,并在黃淮海、西北、西南地區(qū)推廣大豆玉米帶狀復(fù)合種植。目前,國家已將大豆油料擴種目標(biāo)任務(wù)落實到了省市縣。
 

 

  那么,目前大豆擴種任務(wù)落實得如何?
 
  內(nèi)蒙古:今年國家下達內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)大豆播種任務(wù)1754.8萬畝,同比擴種415萬畝。內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)分解下達各盟市大豆播種面積任務(wù)1769.8萬畝。目前,各盟市已將今年播種任務(wù)分解落實到旗縣。內(nèi)蒙古統(tǒng)籌500萬元資金用于支持復(fù)合種植技術(shù)的推廣,并將復(fù)合種植技術(shù)作為高素質(zhì)農(nóng)民培訓(xùn)和農(nóng)技人員知識更新培訓(xùn)重點。組建機具裝備評估評價工作組機機具保障專班,針對春播急需的機具,組織開展播種機具改裝現(xiàn)場指導(dǎo)和機手作業(yè)培訓(xùn),確保有機可用、有機能用。并及時下?lián)芨氐亓ΡWo補貼、生產(chǎn)者補貼資金136.7億元,充分調(diào)動農(nóng)民的種糧積極性。調(diào)整生產(chǎn)者補貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn),提高大豆生產(chǎn)者補貼,降低玉米生產(chǎn)者補貼,大豆玉米補貼差額至少保持在200元以上,縮小大豆與玉米的收益差,帶動擴大大豆種植面積。同時調(diào)劑5%的生產(chǎn)者補貼資金,對大豆玉米帶狀復(fù)合種植每畝補貼150元,積極引導(dǎo)種植者擴種大豆。同時,大豆玉米帶狀復(fù)合種植農(nóng)業(yè)社會化服務(wù)資金每畝再補貼50元,可享受耕地輪作補貼50元以上,已將支持政策傳達至各盟市旗縣,釋放擴種大豆油料政策信號,穩(wěn)定種糧農(nóng)民收益預(yù)期。
 
  黑龍江:截至目前,黑龍江省大豆已播種2200多萬畝,其中,齊齊哈爾市大豆已播種246.8萬畝、牡丹江市大豆已播種64.3萬畝、海倫市大豆已播種80萬畝……全省大豆播種正在穩(wěn)步推進中。為確保按時完成春播任務(wù),按照省委省政府部署要求,省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳組織了12個服務(wù)指導(dǎo)組,深入各地指導(dǎo)春播特別是大豆播種,搶抓晴好天氣,集中力量搶播快播,確保各作物全部播在豐產(chǎn)期。
 
  吉林:吉林省今年大豆播種任務(wù)為464.5萬畝。截至5月3日,吉林全省糧食作物播種達到4427.27萬畝,已完成48.62%。其中,大豆已播種6.29萬畝,占預(yù)計播種面積的1.27%。
 
  遼寧:2022年遼寧全省大豆種植面積要達到165.8萬畝以上。近日遼寧省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳、遼寧省財政廳等部門出臺玉米大豆稻谷生產(chǎn)者補貼、實際種糧農(nóng)民一次性補貼等糧食生產(chǎn)支持政策。遼寧銀保監(jiān)局、遼寧省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳印發(fā)《關(guān)于做好2022年農(nóng)業(yè)保險有關(guān)工作的通知》,組織各地區(qū)、各保險機構(gòu)全面落實糧食、油料特別是大豆保險政策,保障種植收益,調(diào)動農(nóng)民積極性。
 
  天津:今年天津市計劃在涉農(nóng)區(qū)發(fā)展大豆種植面積7萬畝。天津市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村委全面推動,相關(guān)涉農(nóng)區(qū)從提高大豆油料有效供給出發(fā),千方百計挖掘土地資源,鼓勵引導(dǎo)農(nóng)戶開展大豆油料種植,推動大豆種植面積不斷擴大,全力促進本市大豆油料增產(chǎn)增收。
 
  河南:河南省作為農(nóng)業(yè)大省,今年將發(fā)展100萬畝大豆玉米帶狀復(fù)合種植。4月份河南省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳召開全省大豆玉米帶狀復(fù)合種植工作調(diào)度推進會。會議指出,各地要站在保障國家糧食安全的高度,深刻認(rèn)識開展大豆玉米帶狀復(fù)合種植的重要意義,切實增強責(zé)任感緊迫感,加快工作推動,確保不折不扣完成大豆玉米帶狀復(fù)合種植任務(wù)。加強政策宣傳和發(fā)動,盡快把種植任務(wù)落實到每一個主體、每一個地塊,并逐戶簽訂協(xié)議。指導(dǎo)主體根據(jù)種植習(xí)慣和農(nóng)機現(xiàn)狀,在大豆4-6行、玉米2-4行的帶狀間作模式中確定合理種植模式,實現(xiàn)效益最大化。指導(dǎo)主體以改裝、購置適宜農(nóng)機具,加快農(nóng)機準(zhǔn)備進程,確保在播種前改裝、調(diào)試到位。
 
  黑龍江日報、遼寧日報、河南省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳、內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)農(nóng)牧廳
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