全國多省正加快水稻機(jī)械化水平提升步伐

2022-04-14 14:06:48 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：29996 評論

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】為貫徹落實(shí)《農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部辦公廳關(guān)于扎實(shí)做好南方水稻機(jī)械化種植推進(jìn)工作的通知》(農(nóng)辦機(jī)〔2022〕2號)的要求，全國多省多措并舉提升水稻機(jī)械化水平。

　　安徽省——近日，安徽省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳印發(fā)《關(guān)于加快推進(jìn)水稻機(jī)械化種植工作的通知》。通知要求，各地要堅持以水稻機(jī)插秧和有序拋秧為主推技術(shù)，做好試驗(yàn)示范，加大宣傳和技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。水稻產(chǎn)區(qū)主要農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化示范縣、主要農(nóng)作物全程機(jī)械化高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基地、農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝融合發(fā)展示范基地要帶頭示范推廣水稻機(jī)插秧和有序拋秧技術(shù)。【詳情】
 
　　江蘇省——今年江蘇省明確提出，機(jī)拋秧是水稻種植機(jī)化的過渡性技術(shù)，機(jī)直播是太湖和沿江地區(qū)推廣應(yīng)用的區(qū)域性技術(shù)，而機(jī)械插秧才是代表水稻種植機(jī)械化發(fā)展方向的通用性技術(shù)。今年，江蘇省水稻機(jī)械化插秧大面積試驗(yàn)示范取得成功，水稻機(jī)械化種植水平已接近10%。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，全省今年共新增高性能插秧機(jī)468臺，是前三年插秧機(jī)保有量的2.5倍。機(jī)插秧試驗(yàn)示范遍布全省62個縣，涉及272個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)、農(nóng)場及608個村組，今年新增機(jī)插秧面積12.4萬畝。經(jīng)過調(diào)查，大部分試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)都取得了成功，水稻最高實(shí)際產(chǎn)量達(dá)到每畝720公斤，平均實(shí)際畝產(chǎn)量為616公斤，畝均減少生產(chǎn)用工25%以上，降低生產(chǎn)成本約10%。
 
　　湖南省——湖南省將促進(jìn)早稻種植機(jī)械化率提升作為今年工作目標(biāo)，多措并舉抓細(xì)抓實(shí)早稻機(jī)種工作。加大機(jī)插機(jī)拋?zhàn)鳂I(yè)補(bǔ)貼實(shí)施力度，在75個縣市區(qū)實(shí)施水稻機(jī)插機(jī)拋?zhàn)鳂I(yè)補(bǔ)貼，投入補(bǔ)貼資金1.2億元，計劃全年完成機(jī)插機(jī)拋秧作業(yè)補(bǔ)貼面積244.5萬畝，帶動水稻機(jī)插機(jī)拋率提升5個百分點(diǎn)左右。為集中育秧提供技術(shù)保障，先后印發(fā)《大缽體毯狀苗機(jī)插秧育秧技術(shù)要點(diǎn)》 《精量無盤分層機(jī)插秧育秧技術(shù)要點(diǎn)》 《水稻育插秧機(jī)械化技術(shù)規(guī)范》 《水稻有序機(jī)拋秧育秧技術(shù)規(guī)程》。
 
　　湖北省——3月31日，湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳辦公室發(fā)布關(guān)于抓實(shí)抓細(xì)水稻機(jī)械化種植推進(jìn)工作的通知。通知指出，2022年湖北省將繼續(xù)加大對水稻種植環(huán)節(jié)相關(guān)機(jī)具的補(bǔ)貼力度，對高性能水稻機(jī)械化移栽機(jī)具實(shí)行優(yōu)機(jī)優(yōu)補(bǔ)，并適當(dāng)提高補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；擴(kuò)面開展水稻育秧中心成套設(shè)施裝備補(bǔ)貼試點(diǎn)。通知指出，各地要樹立“為機(jī)育秧”理念，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)藝融合，充分發(fā)揮各自優(yōu)勢，積極遴選宜機(jī)品種，合力培育適宜機(jī)插、機(jī)拋的壯秧，著力補(bǔ)齊水稻機(jī)種短板。
 
　　江西省——目前已建成的38個全程機(jī)械化綜合農(nóng)事服務(wù)中心和195個水稻機(jī)械化育秧中心，今年全部開展早稻育秧，供秧面積預(yù)計達(dá)230萬畝。同時組建專家團(tuán)隊(duì)，開展水稻大缽體毯狀苗育插秧等水稻機(jī)械化種植新技術(shù)培訓(xùn)，并派出6個技術(shù)指導(dǎo)組，赴全省各地就水稻機(jī)械化育秧中心建設(shè)、機(jī)械化育插秧技術(shù)進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)和培訓(xùn)。
 
　　廣東省——日前，據(jù)廣東省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳發(fā)布的《廣東省農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化“十四五”發(fā)展規(guī)劃(2021-2025年)》提出了多項(xiàng)規(guī)劃目標(biāo)，其中，在著力提升農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化提升工程這一專欄中，重點(diǎn)提出要在全省培育50個水稻生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化示范縣，力爭建設(shè)300個水稻集中育秧中心，500個水稻機(jī)械化烘干示范中心，補(bǔ)齊育秧、烘干短板。【詳情】
 
　　貴州省——將推廣水稻機(jī)械化移栽作為全省提升糧食單產(chǎn)和農(nóng)機(jī)化補(bǔ)短板重點(diǎn)工作，計劃在25個縣開展示范水稻機(jī)械化移栽20萬畝，帶動全省機(jī)械化移栽100萬畝。省財政安排2000萬元對水稻機(jī)種裝備實(shí)行累加補(bǔ)貼，按中央財政補(bǔ)貼額的三分之二給予累加補(bǔ)貼。整合農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)社會化服務(wù)資金對示范區(qū)內(nèi)機(jī)械化移栽實(shí)行應(yīng)用補(bǔ)助，每畝補(bǔ)助100元。按照 “廳長包片、處長包縣”將水稻機(jī)械化移栽目標(biāo)任務(wù)責(zé)任落實(shí)到人，做到行政、農(nóng)機(jī)、農(nóng)藝、合作社人員四到位。
 
　　據(jù)了解，中聯(lián)農(nóng)機(jī)近日推出針對東北區(qū)域自主研發(fā)的全新產(chǎn)品——2ZPY-13D水稻有序拋秧機(jī)。滿足東北區(qū)域農(nóng)藝要求及作業(yè)條件，采用全新開發(fā)的有序機(jī)拋秧技術(shù)，突破了固有移栽方法，克服了緩苗期長、返青慢、分蘗晚、分蘗節(jié)位高、手拋無序等難題。【詳情】
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(epigene.com.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：安徽省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳、新華網(wǎng)、湖北省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳、中聯(lián)農(nóng)機(jī)。

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