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寒潮天氣來了，針對在地作物如何越冬管理，安徽省這樣應對

2021-12-27 15:37:35 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：25490 評論

導讀：近日，受強冷空氣影響，安徽省出現(xiàn)了寒潮天氣。旱凍疊加可能會對在地小麥、油菜等主要農(nóng)作物形成凍害。此次寒潮天氣影響范圍廣、降溫幅度大，在地作物將陸續(xù)進入越冬期，能否安全越冬，直接關(guān)系到明年夏季糧油豐產(chǎn)和農(nóng)民增收。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】 近日，受強冷空氣影響，安徽省出現(xiàn)了寒潮天氣。旱凍疊加可能會對在地小麥、油菜等主要農(nóng)作物形成凍害。此次寒潮天氣影響范圍廣、降溫幅度大，在地作物將陸續(xù)進入越冬期，能否安全越冬，直接關(guān)系到明年夏季糧油豐產(chǎn)和農(nóng)民增收。
 
　　為切實做好補墑防寒工作，抓好在地作物越冬管理，安徽省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳下發(fā)通知，要求各級農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門要高度重視，切實認識到補墑防寒工作的重要性和緊迫性，擺在當前農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)工作的首要位置，層層壓實責任，主要負責同志要親自部署安排，加強領(lǐng)導，明確責任，強化措施，努力減輕極端天氣可能帶來的不利影響，把抗旱補墑作為應對寒潮的關(guān)鍵措施，扎實推動落實落地，持續(xù)抓好越冬期田間管理，確保今冬明春農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。
 

　　應對措施方面，一是迅速組織發(fā)動農(nóng)戶，各地要摸清當前的旱情、苗情，主動與當?shù)貧庀蟛块T做好對接會商，及時掌握氣象變化情況。要根據(jù)當前苗情、墑情特點和天氣過程變化，因地制宜啟動相關(guān)應急預案。要積極采取各種有效方式，通過微信、手機短信、網(wǎng)站、報紙等多種渠道向廣大農(nóng)戶發(fā)布動態(tài)信息，對寒潮大風天氣過程提早預警。要動員引導農(nóng)戶立即行動，自發(fā)抗旱，主動應對寒潮降溫。要充分利用各類媒體，營造良好的工作氛圍，迅速掀起補墑防寒工作熱潮。
 
　　二要做好技術(shù)指導服務。要從切實為群眾辦實事入手，及時組織專家和農(nóng)技人員深入生產(chǎn)第一線，加強技術(shù)指導和服務，落實農(nóng)技人員包村聯(lián)戶制度，把補墑防寒的科學技術(shù)措施送到農(nóng)戶手中。提倡節(jié)水灌溉，防止大水漫灌，一般每畝澆水20立方左右，澆水后及時劃鋤，松土保墑，防止地表龜裂，避免透風傷根死苗。澆水一般在日均氣溫3℃以上為宜，日均氣溫低于0℃要停止?jié)菜?。各地要以?yōu)質(zhì)專用小麥生產(chǎn)基地、冬閑田擴種油菜項目區(qū)為重點，按照旱情輕重程度，有序推動受旱地塊全面落實補墑措施，切實應對寒潮降溫。
 
　　三要落實蔬菜穩(wěn)產(chǎn)保供。冬季既是蔬菜生產(chǎn)的關(guān)鍵期，又是“兩節(jié)”的消費需求高峰。此次寒潮帶來的大風降溫天氣，可能會對露地蔬菜形成凍害，對大棚、溫室等設施造成破壞。要在寒潮來臨前，適當盡早采收，科學貯藏，確保免遭凍害，對溫室大棚全面檢查，做好修補加固，提高棚室對大風的抵抗能力，及時放下草簾或者保溫被進行保溫。如果極端溫度較低且持續(xù)時間較長，可在大棚內(nèi)燃燒增溫塊。降雪地區(qū)要及時加支立柱并清掃積雪，防止積雪壓塌溫室。災害天氣結(jié)束后，要及時通風排濕，控制病害發(fā)生，確保生產(chǎn)供應保持穩(wěn)定。
 
　　通知要求嚴格執(zhí)行24小時值班和領(lǐng)導帶班制度，加強值班值守，時刻保持通信聯(lián)絡暢通。要切實將有關(guān)防范措施按時落實到位，緊盯寒潮發(fā)展形勢，關(guān)注苗情墑情變化，一旦發(fā)生災害，要立即采取有效措施及時處理，最大程度減少損失。要及時主動收集、核實和反映災情，堅持做好災情和救災進展情況調(diào)度。要加大重要緊急情況信息報送力度，切實做到第一時間發(fā)現(xiàn)、第一時間報告、第一時間處置。對由于工作失職失責，造成農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)等重大損失的，將依紀依規(guī)，嚴肅處理。
 
　　本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(epigene.com.cn)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：安徽省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳。

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