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新疆滴灌玉米保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)推廣初見成效

2021-05-06 09:12:36 來源：新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村機(jī)械化發(fā)展中心 閱讀量：18000 評論

導(dǎo)讀：為深入貫徹落實(shí)2021年中央農(nóng)村工作會議精神，按照2021年農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳重點(diǎn)工作要求，在全疆適宜區(qū)域推廣應(yīng)用保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)，新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)農(nóng)機(jī)推廣總站立即行動起來，組織技術(shù)人員前往保護(hù)性耕作示范區(qū)博樂市進(jìn)行了調(diào)研指導(dǎo)工作。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】 為深入貫徹落實(shí)2021年中央農(nóng)村工作會議精神，按照2021年農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳重點(diǎn)工作要求，在全疆適宜區(qū)域推廣應(yīng)用保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)，新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)農(nóng)機(jī)推廣總站立即行動起來，組織技術(shù)人員前往保護(hù)性耕作示范區(qū)博樂市進(jìn)行了調(diào)研指導(dǎo)工作。在博樂市農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化發(fā)展服務(wù)中心和農(nóng)機(jī)推廣站的密切支持配合下，各項(xiàng)研究進(jìn)展順利，較好完成了預(yù)定目標(biāo)，達(dá)到了調(diào)研指導(dǎo)預(yù)期效果。
 
　　一、在博樂市阿熱勒托哈牧場建立600畝不同種植模式的玉米對比試驗(yàn)田，分別為200畝滴管條件下的玉米免耕播種田、200畝玉米常規(guī)鋪膜播種田和200畝玉米直播播種田，目前已檢測完成播種前后的試驗(yàn)對比田秸稈覆蓋率、覆蓋量，土壤的養(yǎng)分、水分等內(nèi)容。
 
　　保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)的好處就是不犁地、不耙地，適量的秸稈附著在地面上可以起到增加土壤肥力、改良土壤、避免水土流失、固碳提質(zhì)、抗旱保墑、防治風(fēng)沙、保護(hù)環(huán)境、節(jié)能減排等多種作用。
 
　　自2009年開始，新疆博樂市技術(shù)人員試驗(yàn)探索玉米免耕精量播種與水肥一體化保護(hù)性耕作無膜種植機(jī)化技術(shù)。2019年，博樂市推廣了3392畝玉米免耕種植技術(shù)，經(jīng)博樂市農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)人員自測、博樂市農(nóng)業(yè)專家復(fù)測，平均單產(chǎn)為1097.3公斤，比常規(guī)鋪膜種植畝增產(chǎn)121.3公斤，畝節(jié)本增效達(dá)432元。2019年10月25日，在中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)保護(hù)性耕作研究院專家見證下，實(shí)產(chǎn)取得了單產(chǎn)1314.69公斤的成績。
 
　　截至目前，已完成玉米保護(hù)性耕作1.2萬畝。今年計(jì)劃完成3萬畝。同時，新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)農(nóng)機(jī)推廣總站在塔城地區(qū)、昌吉州和伊犁州進(jìn)行玉米滴灌保護(hù)性耕作試驗(yàn)示范工作。
 
　　二、深入田間地頭，進(jìn)行多方面、多舉措指導(dǎo)，將技術(shù)更好的應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐，助力保護(hù)性耕作春耕大生產(chǎn)。
 
　　1、新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)農(nóng)機(jī)推廣總站技術(shù)人員在博樂市青得里鎮(zhèn)定吉格村滴灌條件下小麥(前茬作物是玉米和前茬作物水稻田各100畝)保護(hù)性耕作試驗(yàn)田進(jìn)行檢測，并查看了正在播種中的保護(hù)性耕作土地。
 
　　2、新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)農(nóng)機(jī)推廣總站技術(shù)人員現(xiàn)場調(diào)研免耕播種機(jī)，要求生產(chǎn)企業(yè)理論結(jié)合實(shí)際，根據(jù)實(shí)際土地情況，設(shè)計(jì)出適合免耕地的機(jī)械設(shè)備。
 
　　經(jīng)過此次調(diào)研指導(dǎo)，促進(jìn)博樂市保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)應(yīng)用推廣更加規(guī)范，各項(xiàng)工作有序開展，為春耕春播生產(chǎn)助力，為今后在全疆適宜區(qū)域大力推廣保護(hù)性耕作技術(shù)奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

上一篇： 山西農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化新技術(shù)及農(nóng)田宜機(jī)化改造培訓(xùn)圓滿結(jié)束

下一篇：2021年春耕期間東北地區(qū)秸稈還田指導(dǎo)意見

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