今日要聞

建設高素質農民隊伍，“高”在哪里？又該如何培養(yǎng)？

2020-06-03 17:37:09 來源：農機網原創(chuàng) 作者：林言 閱讀量：51362 評論

導讀：我國鄉(xiāng)村人口約有5.6億，相比而言，不足2000萬的高素質農民占比還達不到0.04%，遠遠不能滿足鄉(xiāng)村全面振興和農業(yè)農村現(xiàn)代化對鄉(xiāng)村人才的需求。

　　【農機網 編輯視角】 高素質農民是指“有文化、懂技術、善經營、會管理”的農民，他們代表著中國農業(yè)的未來。日前，農業(yè)農村部有關負責人在國務院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制舉行的新聞發(fā)布會上介紹，我國已經形成一支1600萬人的高素質農民隊伍，在現(xiàn)代農業(yè)發(fā)展進程中起到了重要作用。
 
　　但是，我國鄉(xiāng)村人口約有5.6億，相比而言，不足2000萬的高素質農民占比還達不到0.04%，遠遠不能滿足鄉(xiāng)村全面振興和農業(yè)農村現(xiàn)代化對鄉(xiāng)村人才的需求。
 

　　我們來看一組數據：我國從事農業(yè)生產經營活動的農民中，從文化程度看，接受過高中教育的農民占38.7%，大專及以上占15.8%；從技能等級看，農村勞動力的整體技能水平不高，無技能等級的占33.8%，初級的占34.2%，中級的占27.9%，高級的僅占4.1%。農村勞動力的整體文化程度雖然比前些年有所提高，但與現(xiàn)代農業(yè)發(fā)展和鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略實施對農村勞動力文化程度的要求相比尚有一定的距離，特別是和國外農業(yè)發(fā)達國家對農民文化程度的要求相距甚遠。
 
　　高素質農民“高”在哪里？總體來說，這類農村人才需要具備有文化、懂技術、善經營、會管理四個核心要素和愛農業(yè)、愛農村、敢創(chuàng)新、負責任、能穩(wěn)定五個基本要素，具有很強的市場意識、信息意識、科技意識、競爭意識、質量意識和法制意識。
 
　　全面建成小康社會，培育高素質農民意義重大
 
　　5月29日，農業(yè)農村部辦公廳印發(fā)了《關于做好2020年高素質農民培育工作的通知》，對培育高素質農民工作作了安排部署，確定了具體思路。
 
　　文件指出，2020年是全面建成小康社會實現(xiàn)之年，是全面打贏脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)收官之年，加快培養(yǎng)有文化、懂技術、善經營、會管理的高素質農民，推進一二三產融合發(fā)展，對實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略，確保今年保供給、保增收、保小康具有重要意義?？傮w思路是，以促進現(xiàn)代農業(yè)高質量發(fā)展為導向，以滿足農民理念知識技能需求為核心，以提升培育質量效能為關鍵，深入推進農民教育培訓提質增效三年行動，培育農業(yè)經理人等經營管理型、種養(yǎng)大戶等專業(yè)生產型和從事生產經營性服務的技能服務型高素質農民100萬人，推進農民技能培訓與學歷教育有效銜接，加快形成促進高素質農民全面發(fā)展的政策體系。
 
　　在重點任務上，文件要求在全面助力打贏脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)的同時，分類培育現(xiàn)代農業(yè)帶頭人、推動農民學歷教育提質增效，并完善教育培訓體系、拓寬高素質農民發(fā)展路徑。
 
　　通力合作、資金支持，陜西省的做法是個很好的例子
 
　　高素質農民的培養(yǎng)不是一朝一夕之事也并非單純某一個部門就能完成的，而是需要多部門通力合作。當前，我國高素質農民培訓體系仍然存在培訓力量整合程度不夠、培訓方式不夠“接地氣”、培訓內容針對性有待提升等問題，應促進教育培訓多元化，提升農民和培訓部門/機構的獲得感和滿意度。在這點上，筆者認為陜西省此前印發(fā)的《2020年新型經營主體發(fā)展項目實施方案》中涉及到的“新型職業(yè)農民培育”是個很好的例子，內容詳細，方法多樣。
 
　　從總體目標來講，陜西省要在全省范圍內加強產業(yè)扶貧110技術服務體系建設，確保技術服務扎實有效開展；建設創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)實訓基地；實施縣級農廣校標準化建設；培育200名農業(yè)經理人；培訓300名高素質農民培訓師資。
 
　　在具體操作上，陜西省安排近2000萬資金對項目建設和培訓主體進行補助，并明確了資金使用方向：
 
　　產業(yè)扶貧110技術體系建設主要用于以提高產業(yè)貧困戶生產技能為導向，開展普及性技術培訓、產業(yè)技術服務、技術干部包聯(lián)等技術幫扶；
 
　　創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)實訓基地建設主要用于基地改善培訓設施，建立實訓指導教師隊伍，培訓高素質農民，指導高素質農民進行實訓；
 
　　縣級農廣校標準建設主要用于縣級農廣校改善培訓硬件和軟件條件，建設遠程視頻教育培訓系統(tǒng)，配套儀器設備，建立培訓師資隊伍等；
 
　　農業(yè)經理人培訓主要用于對農業(yè)經理人開展培訓、指導幫扶、參觀交流學習，實踐實訓等；
 
　　高素質農民培訓師資主要用于對高素質農民培訓教師和管理者進行培訓、交流學習等。
 


圖表來源：陜西省農業(yè)農村廳

　　結語：農村人才是強農、興農的根本，鄉(xiāng)村振興離不開高素質農民。專家預計，到2025年我國高素質農民隊伍總量將超過3300萬人，這將成為我國農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化新的重要支點，也將成為我國農業(yè)實現(xiàn)高質量發(fā)展的重要保障。

上一篇： 世界環(huán)境日，農機行業(yè)能為環(huán)境保護做點什么？

下一篇：【手中有糧 心中不慌】全國小麥機收大規(guī)模展開，盼豐收！

我要評論
文明上網，理性發(fā)言。（您還可以輸入200個字符)

所有評論僅代表網友意見，與本站立場無關。

產品推薦 更多

[{"ID":"3147821","Picture":"mt0008/0497b4e3566c1420aa5c7e443cd06c4f1e76ce9e3c2a3cbebc2d36e819097b1dcf654478304ed3bb.jpg","PictureDomain":"img67","Name":"上海市層疊式過濾器","Type":"","Descrip":"不銹鋼層疊式過濾器過濾裝置是由多層重疊過濾網板和框組成，原液經過加壓進入筒體內，從框外邊孔進入再經網板上的過濾介質，從網板中心多個小孔出來，合格液體排出口。濾材可選用增強型濾膜、濾紙、濾布、不銹鋼篩網、尼龍篩網、本機濾膜等，可根據用戶選用合格的耗材。","CompanyName":"美喬過濾系統(tǒng)（上海）有限公司","CompanyID":"130707","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"56","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471312","StandUrl":"/st130707","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:32:00","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103147821","UserID":"143696","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1756497","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"陳鵬","TelPhone":"86-21-52210438","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"過濾器，袋式過濾器，不銹鋼過濾器，多袋式過濾器，自清洗過濾器，反沖洗過濾器，過濾袋，濾芯，精密過濾器，管道過濾器等過濾設備","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"9257","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/9/25 5:34:44","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13917917089"},{"ID":"2690238","Picture":"9cbdd297f46fc9b320386a3a52b52a72985db761182abfaa93a55d545a35eb3e015d1b942f43636b.jpg","PictureDomain":"img65","Name":"供應螺桿機筒","Type":"","Descrip":"平雙式機筒廣泛用于空調、家用空調及建筑、化工、冶金、船舶、醫(yī)藥、車輛等行業(yè)的各類冷熱管道、容器的保溫、隔熱是新一代高品質的保溫材料產品。","CompanyName":"舟山市嘉銘機械有限公司","CompanyID":"128769","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"107","City":"舟山市","Address":"舟山市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"107","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471312","StandUrl":"/st128769","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:32:04","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102690238","UserID":"141758","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1666362","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"王家明","TelPhone":"0580-8231369","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"螺桿 機筒","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"32981","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2015/8/13 12:24:53","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13905809167"},{"ID":"3070142","Picture":"mt0001/6177b7fad4b495c9e274bc8968b7d6f4db8daa5933f4f6d229c2914ecc4270459407f69f433b17b9.jpg","PictureDomain":"img80","Name":"全自動氮吹儀多少錢","Type":"","Descrip":"NK200-1B可視氮吹儀是采用微電腦處理和PID控制方式結合而形成的高精度溫度控制儀器, 其工作原理是將氮氣快速、連續(xù)、可控地吹到加熱樣品表面，根據被濃縮溶劑的蒸發(fā)速度和沸點，設定加熱溫度，實現(xiàn)大量樣品的快速濃縮。","CompanyName":"南京互川電子有限公司","CompanyID":"138514","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"86","City":"南京市","Address":"南京市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"93","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471311","StandUrl":"/st138514","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:31:06","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103070142","UserID":"151504","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1884290","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"嵇","TelPhone":"13913384136","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"微孔板離心機，恒溫金屬浴，多管漩渦混合儀，梅毒旋轉儀,紅外線滅菌器，微孔板恒溫振蕩器，恒溫混勻儀，水平搖床，牛奶抗生素恒溫溫育器，細菌內毒素恒溫檢測儀，PRP凝膠加熱機孵育制備器，脂肪注射器離心機，大自血搖床，氮吹儀。","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"6983","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/6/27 21:51:08","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13913384136,18913382791"},{"ID":"3144307","Picture":"74a34d6b99a3c7321bf95b061458a711939aa9ecda366de4f0c23b55e1e9315fdc68aeb6af996a35.png","PictureDomain":"img52","Name":"氣相色譜配套氮氣發(fā)生器自產自銷","Type":"AYAN-30L","Descrip":"30升氮氣發(fā)生器純度99實驗室小型制氮機AYAN-30LAnyan品牌氮氣發(fā)生器是一種氣體分離技術，以韓國進口膜分離空氣制取高純度的氮氣，空氣經壓縮機壓縮過濾后進入高分子膜過濾器，由于各種氣體在膜中溶解度和擴散系數不同，導致不同氣體在膜中相對滲透速率不同，在一定壓力條件下，利用氧和氮等不同性質的氣體在膜中具有不同的滲透速率來使氧和氮分離","CompanyName":"杭州川一實驗儀器有限公司","CompanyID":"130441","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"99","City":"杭州市","Address":"杭州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"73","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471311","StandUrl":"/st130441","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:31:11","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103144307","UserID":"143430","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1938754","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"倪經理","TelPhone":"","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"低溫恒溫槽、血液融漿機、氮吹儀、小型噴霧干燥機","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"10958","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/9/19 17:14:25","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"19032291360"},{"ID":"3031002","Picture":"5646a23e59c2327158aab4fb811534b7d479403058f8e459727b8c293e757e92fff3fe693fbbefcb.jpg","PictureDomain":"img52","Name":"工業(yè)主時鐘批發(fā)","Type":"","Descrip":"上海航歐專業(yè)銷售ARbiter產品Arbiter衛(wèi)星鐘Arbiter電纜Arbiter避雷器Arbiter光電轉換器 ARbiter主時鐘 ARbiter主時鐘1201B-A01-B01-C01-D00-E06AP0007700 4Modular DB-9 to RJ-11 Adapter, Preconfigured","CompanyName":"上海航歐機電設備公司","CompanyID":"128875","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"48","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471309","StandUrl":"/st128875","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:29:16","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103031002","UserID":"141864","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1669334","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"鄧超","TelPhone":"021-51085161 52391901 52391902 52656681","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"傳感器，電子尺，編碼器，控制器、插裝閥，報警燈，電纜，拖鏈，分配器，馬達，繼電器，電機和進口五金","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"31089","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/5/17 22:12:49","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15921821180 "},{"ID":"2933348","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7d11ce8aca29ac3b43e0c88f2e4a2fbae85a9730cf8855b89a3d98e6b2d9cfd4e6.jpg","PictureDomain":"img64","Name":"Waters氘燈報價","Type":"waters 2998","Descrip":"Waters氘燈201000281 用于ACQUITY PDA/TUV 2489/2998 Performance Maintenance Kit","CompanyName":"廣州信譜徠科學儀器有限公司","CompanyID":"128736","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"213","City":"廣州市","Address":"廣州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"59","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51471307","StandUrl":"/st128736","UpdateTime":"2024/10/23 4:27:44","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102933348","UserID":"141725","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1667553","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"莊先生","TelPhone":"86-020-86273813","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"色譜柱，固相萃取柱，標準品，氘燈，石墨管，移液器，針式過濾器，QuECHERS萃取，薄層層析硅膠板，試劑盒","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"33123","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/21 2:11:07","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18011884166"}]