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各地推進(jìn)殘膜回收行動(dòng)助力農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展

2018-12-29 15:37:44 來(lái)源：中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：26528 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部聯(lián)合中國(guó)工程院、科技部在新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)阿拉爾市召開(kāi)全國(guó)殘膜污染綜合治理技術(shù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)，探索交流農(nóng)田殘膜污染防治技術(shù)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)，進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)農(nóng)膜回收行動(dòng)。

　　【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】 近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部聯(lián)合中國(guó)工程院、科技部在新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)阿拉爾市召開(kāi)全國(guó)殘膜污染綜合治理技術(shù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)，探索交流農(nóng)田殘膜污染防治技術(shù)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)，進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)農(nóng)膜回收行動(dòng)。
 
　　會(huì)議指出，殘膜回收機(jī)具是保障地膜回收利用的重要手段，各級(jí)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門要強(qiáng)化成果轉(zhuǎn)化推廣，加強(qiáng)聯(lián)合協(xié)作，推動(dòng)熟化技術(shù)產(chǎn)品落地，形成系統(tǒng)性的農(nóng)膜回收利用解決方案，為治理農(nóng)田“白色污染”插上科技的翅膀。當(dāng)前，我國(guó)各地尤其在新疆地區(qū)，殘膜回收工作取得了很大成績(jī)，為農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

　　天津殘膜再利用裝備示范項(xiàng)目通過(guò)驗(yàn)收
 
　　近日，天津市農(nóng)機(jī)研究所承擔(dān)的農(nóng)田殘膜資源化再利用技術(shù)與裝備示范項(xiàng)目通過(guò)結(jié)題驗(yàn)收。項(xiàng)目引進(jìn)殘膜田間回收機(jī)械2臺(tái)套，開(kāi)展了鮮食玉米、棉花、西瓜三種鋪膜作物的殘膜田間回收作業(yè)示范，收凈率達(dá)到85.27%；引進(jìn)殘膜粉碎清洗處理成套設(shè)備1套，殘膜清洗作業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率達(dá)每小時(shí)193.85公斤，地膜碎屑清潔度達(dá)86.62%。
 
　　項(xiàng)目建成農(nóng)田殘膜回收示范點(diǎn)3個(gè)，年處理清洗殘膜100噸能力的示范點(diǎn)1個(gè)；建立科技示范戶43戶，培訓(xùn)農(nóng)民68人次；累計(jì)開(kāi)展農(nóng)田殘膜無(wú)害化處理6.085萬(wàn)畝，實(shí)現(xiàn)綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)效益41.902萬(wàn)元。同時(shí)，項(xiàng)目制定了《農(nóng)田殘膜機(jī)械化回收作業(yè)技術(shù)規(guī)程》和《農(nóng)田殘膜機(jī)械化分選清洗作業(yè)技術(shù)規(guī)程》。
 
　　新疆沙灣縣殘膜回收助力農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展
 
　　今年，新疆沙灣縣大規(guī)模使用加厚地膜，并開(kāi)展殘膜回收工作，為實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。
 
　　連日來(lái)，在該縣金溝河鎮(zhèn)宋圣宮村農(nóng)田里，殘膜回收機(jī)來(lái)回穿梭作業(yè)，一會(huì)工夫，殘留的地膜和部分殘存的滴灌帶就被清理出來(lái)，堆放在地頭等待統(tǒng)一清運(yùn)。農(nóng)機(jī)手屈波說(shuō)：“一天的作業(yè)量是200多畝地，效果還可以，重點(diǎn)是殘膜回收了不少。”
 
　　作物收獲后如果不將殘留的地膜進(jìn)行回收，會(huì)降低土壤含水量及肥力水平，影響農(nóng)作物根系的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育，導(dǎo)致作物減產(chǎn)。由于今年大面積使用了厚度為0.01毫米的達(dá)標(biāo)地膜，殘膜的回收率大大提高，回收的地膜經(jīng)過(guò)加工處理可以再次利用。
 
　　沙灣縣農(nóng)科金岳農(nóng)機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)合作聯(lián)社理事長(zhǎng)韓波說(shuō)：“現(xiàn)在合作社有10臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)，帶著殘膜回收機(jī)，參與2萬(wàn)畝地的農(nóng)機(jī)具殘膜回收任務(wù)。我們準(zhǔn)備建殘膜回收廠，準(zhǔn)備對(duì)殘膜進(jìn)行加工再次利用，提高利用率。”
 
　　沙灣縣今年的殘膜回收項(xiàng)目是自治區(qū)2017—2018年作業(yè)期殘膜回收作業(yè)補(bǔ)助試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。
 
　　新疆庫(kù)車縣召開(kāi)農(nóng)田殘膜回收演示現(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)
 
　　為貫徹落實(shí)中央和自治區(qū)、地區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略、加強(qiáng)生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)的部署要求，進(jìn)一步防治農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染，保護(hù)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展，提升農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展水平。近日，新疆庫(kù)車縣在齊滿鎮(zhèn)齊滿一村召開(kāi)農(nóng)田殘膜回收暨農(nóng)機(jī)深松作業(yè)演示現(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)。各農(nóng)口部門、各鄉(xiāng)(鎮(zhèn))分管農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、農(nóng)機(jī)專業(yè)合作社、農(nóng)機(jī)大戶、植棉大戶共計(jì)150余人觀摩了林果業(yè)開(kāi)溝施肥、殘膜回收、深松作業(yè)方面的新機(jī)具和新技術(shù)。
 
　　縣委常委司迪克·艾力在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)上講到，庫(kù)車縣農(nóng)田地膜使用面積已達(dá)200余萬(wàn)畝，特別是棉花作物地膜已得到大面積推廣應(yīng)用，對(duì)促進(jìn)庫(kù)車縣農(nóng)作物單產(chǎn)、提高農(nóng)民收入起到極大作用，但在推廣地膜的同時(shí)，由于地膜使用量極大，地膜殘留多、難以回收等問(wèn)題也越來(lái)越突出。他要求各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)利用春播前和秋收后兩個(gè)時(shí)間段，加大推廣殘膜回收技術(shù)，力爭(zhēng)到2022年基本實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)田廢舊地膜污染治理全覆蓋，實(shí)現(xiàn)廢舊農(nóng)田地膜全面回收利用，農(nóng)田“白色污染”得到有效防控。
 
　　通過(guò)此次現(xiàn)場(chǎng)會(huì)，提高了農(nóng)民對(duì)殘膜污染危害的認(rèn)識(shí)，為庫(kù)車縣治理農(nóng)田白色污染起到了一定的推動(dòng)作用。
 
　　本文由中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布，資料來(lái)源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、農(nóng)民日?qǐng)?bào)、新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)報(bào)、庫(kù)車縣農(nóng)機(jī)局，如有侵權(quán)或異議請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們。

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