農(nóng)機(jī)后市場風(fēng)波四起背后的思考

2016-12-27 14:00:28 來源：中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 閱讀量：46380 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】自2004年實施農(nóng)機(jī)購置補貼以來，促使中國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化進(jìn)程加快，農(nóng)機(jī)市場在這十多年的時間里取得了長足的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展。但是，隨著市場的不斷做強做大，農(nóng)機(jī)后市場亂象叢生：農(nóng)機(jī)欠維護(hù)，備件、服務(wù)缺乏標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，無序競爭等。這一系列現(xiàn)象折射出行業(yè)的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展正受到威脅。那么這種亂象背后的原因有哪些？企業(yè)應(yīng)如何應(yīng)對并推動行業(yè)發(fā)展？
 
　　農(nóng)機(jī)后市場風(fēng)波不斷
 
　　所謂農(nóng)機(jī)后市場是指農(nóng)機(jī)從售出到報廢的過程中，圍繞農(nóng)機(jī)售后使用環(huán)節(jié)中各種后繼需要和服務(wù)而產(chǎn)生的一系列交易活動的總稱，與我們經(jīng)常所說的“三包”服務(wù)類似，只是涵蓋范圍更廣。但是這一塊的服務(wù)，對農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)來說卻還尚處于發(fā)展的初級階段，動力不夠，經(jīng)驗不足，亂象時有發(fā)生，正如今年的農(nóng)機(jī)后市場，就泛起了不少風(fēng)波。
 
　　今年農(nóng)忙時期，山東濱州市的聶先生買了臺拖拉機(jī)，準(zhǔn)備大干一場，但是這臺拖拉機(jī)卻抬不起后面的加載設(shè)備，經(jīng)過7次修理后故障仍未解決。讓聶先生不僅損失了貸款，也因修理機(jī)器浪費了幾個月的干活時間。無*偶，今年8月份膠州的張女士同樣是新購買的拖拉出現(xiàn)了問題，連續(xù)發(fā)生起火故障，而廠家的回復(fù)表示拒絕退車只提供維修。
 
　　這兩個案例都是現(xiàn)今農(nóng)機(jī)市場上普遍存在的問題：農(nóng)機(jī)銷售以后的服務(wù)不到位甚至缺失，銷售商和廠商之間責(zé)任互相推諉，消費者利益得不到保障。當(dāng)然除此之外，還有保養(yǎng)農(nóng)機(jī)無對應(yīng)網(wǎng)點、維修農(nóng)機(jī)缺乏相應(yīng)零部件等等問題都阻礙著農(nóng)機(jī)后市場的健康發(fā)展。
 
　　風(fēng)波背后原因幾何？
 
　　農(nóng)機(jī)后市場亂象滋生，到底是何原因?qū)е碌哪?？在筆者看來，主要來自三方面：
 
　　，主管部門存爭議。早在2010年，國家質(zhì)檢總局、國家工商總局、農(nóng)業(yè)部和工信部等4部委就頒布了新的《農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械產(chǎn)品修理、更換、退貨責(zé)任規(guī)定》，但因目前的農(nóng)機(jī)銷售市場比較活躍，經(jīng)銷商隊伍也日趨龐大，就不免出現(xiàn)魚龍混雜的情況。有的經(jīng)銷企業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)實力、人員配備、技術(shù)實力等條件都不成熟的情況下，實行混合經(jīng)銷、維修，從而導(dǎo)致維修者、經(jīng)銷商和廠商之間的責(zé)任難落實，不履行自己相應(yīng)的義務(wù)，互相推諉責(zé)任的現(xiàn)象已成常態(tài)。
 
　　第二，服務(wù)缺乏盈利保障。不同與汽車后市場，美容保養(yǎng)維修、用品配件改裝、保險車務(wù)等都能為行業(yè)帶來可觀的利潤，而農(nóng)機(jī)后市場所提供的服務(wù)種類不齊全，設(shè)施裝備條件落后，無法為經(jīng)營者帶來足夠的利潤，產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈一時間難以形成。
 
　　第三，缺乏行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。當(dāng)前農(nóng)機(jī)后市場就像無頭蒼蠅一樣，服務(wù)和價格沒有統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，維修質(zhì)量參差不齊，配件價格虛高，供銷信息嚴(yán)重不對稱。后市場想要發(fā)展卻找不到方向和依據(jù)；想要解決糾紛卻又無法可依，只能在無序競爭中任其惡性循環(huán)。
 
　　思考:那么要想打破桎梏，企業(yè)可以做些什么呢？
 
　　政府部門與企業(yè)聯(lián)合發(fā)力 共促農(nóng)機(jī)市場有序發(fā)展
 
　　12月16日，來自中國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化科學(xué)研究院、山東省農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械科學(xué)研究院等9家單位的15名專家，對中國一拖集團(tuán)有限公司、雷沃重工股份有限公司、河北中農(nóng)博遠(yuǎn)農(nóng)業(yè)裝備有限公司、浙江昌亨機(jī)械有限公司等4家單位起草的10項團(tuán)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行審查，也就是說，中國農(nóng)機(jī)工業(yè)團(tuán)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)即將發(fā)布。中國農(nóng)機(jī)工業(yè)協(xié)會將以培育和發(fā)展團(tuán)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為基礎(chǔ)，打造培育標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化服務(wù)全鏈條，加快建立農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械工業(yè)市場標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系，提高行業(yè)整體水平，促進(jìn)中國農(nóng)機(jī)工業(yè)健康、有序發(fā)展。
 
　　這一行動對農(nóng)機(jī)后市場來說既是一個好消息，同時也是一個啟發(fā)。所謂“眾人拾柴火焰高”，要做好農(nóng)機(jī)后市場這一塊“大蛋糕”光憑一家企業(yè)的力量是難以達(dá)到的。推動市場的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展，不僅需要有關(guān)政府部門盡快完善和規(guī)范行業(yè)，更需要有影響力的企業(yè)共同建立標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系。
 
　　當(dāng)前農(nóng)機(jī)產(chǎn)業(yè)的競爭已經(jīng)開始從產(chǎn)品主導(dǎo)的有形競爭轉(zhuǎn)化成以服務(wù)為主導(dǎo)的無形競爭，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量與服務(wù)質(zhì)量同樣重要。企業(yè)在致力于向前開拓農(nóng)機(jī)市場的同時不妨“回頭”看看，不要讓農(nóng)機(jī)后市場的發(fā)展落太遠(yuǎn)，否則，市場終將畸形，陷入惡性循環(huán)。
 

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